Join Prof. Edith Hall, a Durham University expert on Atlantis and ancient Greek culture, as she unravels the intriguing story behind this legendary lost city. Hall discusses the origins of the Atlantis myth in Plato's dialogues, revealing its reflection on Athenian society, naval power, and moral lessons. The conversation delves into the governance and decline of Atlantis, linking it to ancient civilizations and the critique of imperialism. Discover how a fictional narrative transformed into a quest for historical truth over time.
Atlantis, originating from Plato's dialogues, reflects his critique of Athenian society and serves as a cautionary tale against moral decay.
The enduring myth of Atlantis transformed from a fictional narrative into a quest for a lost civilization, captivating imaginations worldwide.
Deep dives
The Origins of the Atlantis Myth
The story of Atlantis, often regarded as a legend, originates from the dialogues of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, specifically the 'Timaeus' and 'Critias'. These dialogues, composed in the early 4th century BC, recount Atlantis as a grand civilization existing 9,000 years prior, blending historical narrative with fiction. Although the tale is a fabrication, it draws on real events such as catastrophic disasters that affected ancient civilizations, particularly reflecting the widespread knowledge of tsunamis and societal collapses among the Greeks and Romans. Ultimately, Plato's account serves as the founding text of historical fiction, using the legendary city to explore deeper philosophical ideas about society and morality.
Plato's Philosophical Context
The creation of the Atlantis narrative cannot be separated from the political context of 4th century Athens, especially following its defeat in the Peloponnesian War. As Plato navigates through these philosophical discussions among contemporaries, he critiques the current political state of Athens, contrasting it with the idealized version seen in Atlantis. The dialogues serve a dual purpose; they present an imagined utopia while simultaneously warning against the moral decay contributed by naval power and democracy that Plato believes led to Athens's downfall. By providing an alternative city in Atlantis, he reflects a yearning for a more stable and morally aligned society.
The Characteristics of Atlantis
In the detailed descriptions provided by Plato, Atlantis is characterized by its stunning architecture, advanced naval capabilities, and a decadent society that ultimately leads to its moral decline. The island is portrayed as a beautiful land, filled with riches and designed by the god Poseidon, featuring a complex structure of concentric islands and canals. However, as their naval power grows, the Atlanteans become increasingly corrupt, engaging in imperial conquests reminiscent of the Athenian experience. This rise to decadence and subsequent downfall acts as a cautionary tale about the perils of overreaching ambition and moral decay.
Influence and Legacy of the Atlantis Myth
The Atlantis myth has endured through centuries, influencing not only literature but also broader cultural narratives, particularly during the Renaissance when interest in Plato surged. People began to search for real locations corresponding to Atlantis, associating it with submerged civilizations around the world due to geological phenomena like floods. This idea of Atlantis shifted it from a fictional story to a quest for a real place, much like modern quests for mysteries such as Bigfoot or the Loch Ness Monster. Despite academic assertions regarding its fictional nature, the allure of a lost civilization continues to captivate imaginations today.
The story of Atlantis is one of history's enduring legends. So what’s the actual, ancient tale of Atlantis? Where does it come from? Was Atlantis real? And if not, why has the name become a byword for a lost city beneath the waves?
In today's episode of The Ancients, Tristan Hughes is back and ready to kick off 2025 with a bang. He is joined by Prof. Edith Hall to delve into the mystery that makes this fictional island so famous and discuss Atlantis's fictional origins in Plato's dialogues. Together they uncover why Plato created this mythical city and how it reflects his views on Athens' naval power, democracy, and morality.
Presented by Tristan Hughes. Audio editor is Aidan Lonergan, the producer is Joseph Knight. The senior producer is Anne-Marie Luff.
Theme music from Motion Array, all other music from Epidemic Sound
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