"Moment of Zen" India-Pakistan Conflict Explained | Samo Burja
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May 17, 2025 
Samo Burja, a sociologist and political scientist, unpacks the intricate historical and cultural dimensions of the India-Pakistan conflict. He discusses the military capabilities of both nations and their potential for escalation, emphasizing the humanitarian implications of a nuclear confrontation. Burja dives into the perspectives on terrorism and security from both sides, revealing deep-seated grievances and historical claims. His analysis draws parallels to other regional conflicts, providing a rich exploration of geopolitical dynamics and national identities.
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Origins of India-Pakistan Conflict
- The India-Pakistan conflict originates from unresolved partition issues dividing Muslim and Hindu populations from the British Raj era.
- This legacy fuels ongoing disputes, particularly in Kashmir, driving continual friction between the nations.
Pakistan's Internal Complexity
- Pakistan is diverse and fragmented internally, with regions controlled by groups affiliated with the Taliban and ethnic affiliations varying widely.
- The Pakistani military is the one institution that maintains state cohesion despite low overall state capacity.
Military Balance and Internal Risks
- Both India and Pakistan have modern militaries including nuclear weapons, sizable manpower, and capability for intense conventional conflict.
- However, prolonged war risks severe internal instability in India due to its large Muslim population and religious tensions.