Sam Harris and Cass Sunstein delve into habituation, happiness, misinformation, and societal issues like free speech. They explore the impact of habituation on relationships, midlife crises, and the importance of variety in life. Discussions also cover the power of noticing, combating misinformation, and challenges to free speech on college campuses.
Habituation affects perception of positive and negative experiences, highlighting the importance of addressing habituated problems.
Novelty and variety in life experiences offer more lasting satisfaction than material possessions, combating habituation and enriching life.
The 'illusory truth effect' fuels the spread of misinformation, emphasizing the need for diverse information sources to combat false narratives.
Deep dives
Understanding habituation and its impact on experiences
Habituation, the diminishing sensitivity to stimuli over time, affects how we perceive positive and negative experiences. The podcast delves into examples like habituating to marital issues or societal problems leading to complacency. While habituation may prevent constant distress over unchangeable negatives like personal limitations, it also risks ignoring fixable issues like workplace toxicity or civic challenges, emphasizing the importance of noticing and addressing habitualized problems.
The power of variety and novelty in enhancing life experiences
The discussion extends to the benefits of novelty and variety in life experiences, contrasting material possessions with fleeting experiences. It highlights how experiences, like short trips, often bring more lasting satisfaction than material acquisitions due to the lack of habituation. This insight emphasizes the value of seeking diverse and novel experiences to enrich life and counter the tendency to habituate to possessions.
The illusion of truth and echo chambers in misinformation
The podcast explores the 'illusory truth effect,' revealing how repetition influences belief in statements, even if originally false. This effect explains how misinformation spreads rapidly, especially in echo chambers where individuals reinforce existing biases. It warns against the dangers of habituation to false narratives and emphasizes the need for diverse information sources to combat misinformation.
Challenges in fostering open discourse and free speech on university campuses
Discussions on free speech on university campuses highlight the challenges of balancing openness to diverse viewpoints with concerns of censorship. The conversation navigates instances of canceling opposing voices and the importance of promoting civil discourse. It touches on experiences from various universities, accentuating the significance of upholding free speech principles for robust academic environments.
Preserving liberal tradition amidst growing polarization and illiberal trends
The podcast underscores the critical need to protect the liberal tradition amidst rising illiberal forces across political spectra. It advocates for a united front among liberal voices to safeguard fundamental democratic values against authoritarian threats. The focus is on fostering collaboration and encouraging a return to liberal principles to counter divisive trends and support a more inclusive and democratic future.
Sam Harris speaks with Cass Sunstein about habituation and its consequences. They discuss habituation to positive and negative experiences, marriage, happiness, meaning, variety, doing good vs feeling good, midlife crises, kids, wealth and happiness, things vs experience, the “illusory truth effect,” misinformation and social media, echo chambers and extremism, what governments can do to respond to misinformation, free speech on college campuses, the 2024 Presidential election, and other topics.
Cass R. Sunstein is the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard Law School, where he is the founder and director of the Program on Behavioral Economics and Public Policy. He is the most cited law professor in the United States. From 2009 to 2012 he served in the Obama administration as Administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs. He has testified before congressional committees, been involved in constitution-making and law reform activities in a number of nations, and written many articles and books, including Nudge (with Richard Thaler), #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media, Impeachment: A Citizen’s Guide, Too Much Information, Noise (with Daniel Kahneman and Olivier Sibony), and most recently Look Again: The Power of Noticing What Was Always There (with Tali Sharot). He is now working on a variety of projects involving the regulatory state, fake news, and freedom of speech.
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