Ep. 1: In Vivo Reprogramming and Mini Brains Featuring Dr. Juergen Knoblich
Sep 28, 2013
auto_awesome
Dr. Juergen Knoblich, a scientist at the Institute of Molecular Biotechnology in Vienna and senior author on a groundbreaking Nature paper, discusses innovative approaches in stem cell research. He elaborates on in vivo reprogramming techniques that transform somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, Knoblich shares insights into the creation of mini cerebral cortices from human embryonic stem cells, exploring their implications for understanding brain development and potential therapies.
The novel in vivo reprogramming method offers a significant advancement in generating induced pluripotent stem cells directly within living organisms, raising both potential and concerns.
The development of cerebral organoids from human stem cells provides essential insights into human brain development and neurological disorders, showcasing innovative modeling techniques.
Deep dives
In Vivo Reprogramming Potential
The podcast discusses a groundbreaking study on in vivo reprogramming, highlighting its ability to produce induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) directly within a living organism. Traditionally, reprogramming has been achieved through in vitro techniques, using specific factors to convert somatic cells back to a pluripotent state. In this study, researchers employed transgenic mice that expressed these factors, leading to the formation of teratomas characterized by pluripotent markers. This approach not only demonstrates a novel mechanism of generating stem cells but also raises concerns regarding the potential for uncontrolled growth and differentiation within a living host.
Alzheimer's Drug Development
The podcast covers significant advancements in Alzheimer's research, particularly regarding a new drug that targets the spread of disease-associated particles in the brain. Using mouse models, researchers were able to show that blocking specific receptors could reverse memory deficits, presenting a promising avenue for treating Alzheimer's disease. The unique aspect of this breakthrough is its potential quick transition from research to clinical trials, as similar drugs are already being tested for Fragile X syndrome. This highlights the rapid pace at which certain pharmacological treatments in neurology can evolve, reflecting optimism for future therapeutic advances.
Cerebral Organoids for Brain Studies
An engaging segment focuses on the development of cerebral organoids to model human brain development and study conditions such as microcephaly. Researchers created these organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing them to investigate the architecture and functionality of human brain tissue. The organoids aptly resemble a developing human cortex, comprising various neural cell types that interact correctly, showcasing complex developmental processes. This innovative approach provides crucial insights into human brain biology and the potential mechanisms underlying certain neurological disorders.
HIV Research Progress
The podcast reports encouraging trends in HIV research, emphasizing a global 33% reduction in infection rates, attributed largely to improved education and prevention strategies. Researchers have examined the dynamics of viral entry into cells and the role of specific genes that inhibit replication, fostering hope for more effective treatment strategies. The discussion also touches on the philosophical implications of these improvements, suggesting that health education has played a vital role in combating the epidemic. This positive trend reflects a concerted effort to address and mitigate the impact of HIV worldwide.
In this episode we start off with a quick general science news roundup before discussing two new papers in stem cell research. Both papers appeared in the journal Nature. The first describes a novel method of reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells in vivo, and other describes a method to make a mini cerebral cortex from human embryonic stem cells. The senior author on the latter study, Dr. Juergen Knoblich, joins us to discuss this paper and its implications.
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode