3.2 Brent Parker • Reading • "A Biblical and Theological Perspective of National Israel"
Jan 8, 2024
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Brent Parker, a biblical and theological expert, explores the theological view of national Israel, including recent terrorist attacks, and the connection between evangelical Christians and Israel's right to exist. He discusses the different perspectives on the relationship between Israel and the church, emphasizing how Israel is a subset of the people of God. He also delves into Israel's disobedience, covenant curses, the promises of seed and blessing, and the future Davidic king. The chapter concludes by discussing the role of Israel and Christ in the New Testament.
Progressive covenantalism views national Israel and the church as distinct but connected, emphasizing Christ as the true Israel and the fulfillment of Old Testament promises.
A biblical understanding of the modern state of Israel does not depend on a specific interpretation of Scripture, allowing Christians to support Israel's right to self-existence based on biblical principles of nations and God's providence.
Progressive covenantalism offers a mediating position between dispensationalism and covenant theology, recognizing both continuity and discontinuity between Israel and the church, with the church as the eschatological people of God.
Deep dives
Progressive Covenantalism and the Relationship Between National Israel and the Church
Progressive covenantalism views national Israel and the church as distinct but connected. It argues that the promises and covenant blessings given to Israel have reached their fulfillment in Christ, and the church, consisting of believers from both Jewish and Gentile backgrounds, is now the eschatological people of God. This view sees Israel's distinct sovereignty as prophetically insignificant and emphasizes the importance of Christ as the true Israel and the fulfillment of Old Testament promises.
Israel's Modern Significance and the Biblical Understanding of Nations
Despite recent events and rising anti-Semitism, a biblical understanding of the modern state of Israel does not depend on a specific interpretation of Scripture. Christians can support Israel's right to self-existence and self-defense based on biblical principles of nations and God's general providence. The focus should be on a proper biblical understanding of Israel and the people of God, rather than relying on specific end-time prophecies.
Different Views on Israel: Dispensationalism, Covenant Theology, and Progressive Covenantalism
Different theological perspectives on Israel exist among evangelicals, ranging from greater discontinuity between Israel and the church (dispensationalism) to greater continuity (covenant theology). Progressive covenantalism offers a mediating position, emphasizing the progress of revelation and the fulfillment of Israel's promises in Christ. It recognizes certain continuity and discontinuity between Israel and the church, with the church as the eschatological people of God.
Israel's Place in the Biblical Storyline: From Adam to Christ
Israel's role in the biblical storyline begins with Adam, who foreshadows the nation of Israel. From Abraham to Jacob and the Israelite Exodus from Egypt, Israel serves as a corporate representation of humanity's Redemption and the fulfillment of God's promises. The narratives highlight Israel's identity as God's treasured possession, a kingdom of priests, and the one through whom the promised Messiah will come.
Israel's Fulfillment in Christ and the Identity of the Church
With the coming of Christ, Israel's story finds fulfillment. Jesus represents the true Israel and fulfills Israel's offices of prophet, priest, and king. The church, composed of Jews and Gentiles united in Christ, becomes the eschatological people of God and inherits the promises given to Israel. The church's identity is transformed through the work of Christ, and it is through him that the people of God are now defined.
How should we think about the nation-state of Israel today? To answer that question, we must consider how Israel fits into the Bible’s story about the people of God.
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