Episode 89: Read Another Book — with Christopher J. Scalia

American Pastoral is a novel by Philip Roth that delves into the life of Seymour 'Swede' Levov, a Jewish-American businessman and former high school star athlete from Newark, New Jersey. The story, narrated by Nathan Zuckerman, unfolds at a 45th high school reunion where Zuckerman learns about the tragic events that shattered the Levov family's seemingly perfect life. The novel explores themes of the American Dream, assimilation, and the social and political upheaval of the 1960s, particularly through the actions of Swede's daughter Merry, who becomes involved in anti-war activism and commits a violent act. The book is part of Roth's American Trilogy, which also includes 'I Married a Communist' and 'The Human Stain'. It won the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and is praised for its vivid character portraits and its exploration of the complexities and disillusionments of American life in the late 20th century.

Peace Like a River is a stirring novel that follows the Land family—Jeremiah, the devout Christian father, and his children Davey, Reuben, and Swede—as they face a family catastrophe in rural Minnesota in the 1960s. The story is narrated by Reuben, an asthmatic 11-year-old, who recounts the family's journey after his older brother Davey commits a fatal crime in self-defense and flees. The novel delves into themes of faith, accountability, perspective, and the power of family love, set against a backdrop of adventure, tragedy, and healing. It is known for its lyrical prose, vivid descriptions, and the poetic verses of Swede, the young and precocious sister.

Published in 1932, 'Sunset Song' is the first part of Lewis Grassic Gibbon's trilogy 'A Scots Quair'. The novel is set in the fictional parish of Kinraddie in the Mearns and revolves around Chris Guthrie, a young woman growing up in a farming family. The story explores themes of dual cultural identity, the bond to the land, and the struggles of maintaining traditional ways of life in a changing world. The novel is renowned for its lyrical style and innovative use of language, particularly the use of Scots dialect and unique narrative techniques.

The Harry Potter series, written by J.K. Rowling, follows the journey of Harry Potter, an orphan boy who discovers he is a wizard. The series spans seven novels, each corresponding to one year of Harry's life at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Harry, along with his best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger, navigates the magical world, confronts various challenges, and ultimately faces off against the dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who murdered Harry's parents and seeks to dominate the wizarding world. The series explores themes of friendship, love, and the struggle between good and evil.

Published in 1945, 'Brideshead Revisited' is a satirical novel by Evelyn Waugh that chronicles the lives of the aristocratic Flyte family from the 1920s through to the Second World War. The story is narrated by Captain Charles Ryder, who forms a deep friendship with Sebastian Flyte at Oxford University. The novel delves into the complexities of relationships, the pervasive influence of the Catholic Church on the Flyte family, and the gradual decay of the aristocratic way of life. It explores themes of faith, love, and the search for meaning in a world undergoing significant change. Waugh's work is noted for its elegant prose, witty dialogue, and a profound exploration of the human condition.

The novel is set in a future England where human fertility has ceased, leading to a society in decline. The story follows Dr. Theodore 'Theo' Faron, an Oxford don and cousin to the tyrannical Warden of England, Xan Lyppiatt. Theo becomes involved with a group of dissenters who aim to challenge the oppressive regime and fight for human rights. The narrative delves into themes of politics, power, and the human condition in the face of impending extinction. The book is known for its rich social criticism and theological reflections.

The Bonfire of the Vanities is a drama that centers on three main characters: Sherman McCoy, a WASP bond trader; Larry Kramer, a Jewish assistant district attorney; and Peter Fallow, a British expatriate journalist. The novel explores the complexities of New York City in the 1980s, delving into themes of ambition, racism, social class, politics, and greed. It was originally conceived as a serial in the style of Charles Dickens and ran in 27 installments in Rolling Stone before being published in book form. The story follows the characters through their interactions and conflicts, highlighting the superficial values and hypocrisies of the city's elite and the underlying social tensions of the time.

Published in 1957, 'Atlas Shrugged' is Ayn Rand's magnum opus and her longest novel. The story is set in a dystopian United States where increasingly burdensome laws and regulations strangle innovation and productivity. The plot follows Dagny Taggart, a railroad executive, and Hank Rearden, a steel magnate, as they struggle against 'looters' who exploit their work. A mysterious figure named John Galt leads a strike of productive individuals, persuading them to abandon their companies and disappear. The novel culminates with Galt's three-hour radio speech explaining his philosophy of Objectivism, which emphasizes rational self-interest, individual rights, and the importance of the human mind. The book explores themes of capitalism, property rights, and the failures of governmental coercion, presenting a provocative vision of a society in collapse and the potential for a new capitalist society based on Galt's principles.

The Blithedale Romance, published in 1852, is a novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne that explores the tensions between idealism and personal desires within a utopian community. The story is set in a fictional commune inspired by Hawthorne's experiences at Brook Farm. It delves into themes of love, ambition, and the challenges faced by those seeking to create a better society. The novel follows the lives of four main characters—Miles Coverdale, Zenobia, Priscilla, and Hollingsworth—as they navigate their relationships and the community's ideals.

Evelyn Waugh's 'Scoop' is a comedic critique of sensationalist journalism and foreign correspondents. The novel follows William Boot, an inexperienced writer of nature articles, who is mistakenly sent to report on a war in the fictional East African nation of Ishmaelia. Drawing from Waugh's own experiences as a war correspondent, the book humorously exposes the antics and rivalries within the journalism world.

The novel, narrated by Jim Burden, recounts his childhood and adolescence on the Nebraska prairie and his deep friendship with Ántonia Shimerda, the daughter of a family of Bohemian immigrants. The story explores themes of pioneer life, the American Dream, the immigrant experience, and the passage of time. Ántonia faces numerous hardships, including her father's suicide, near-rape, and abandonment by a lover, yet she remains resilient and strong. The novel is praised for its poetic descriptions of the landscape, its portrayal of a complex female protagonist, and its exploration of cultural diversity and gender roles.

The novel follows Janie Crawford, an African-American woman, as she navigates through three marriages and her quest for love, freedom, and self-identity. Set in central and southern Florida, the story explores themes of race, gender, and identity, depicting Janie's transformation from a voiceless teenage girl to a woman who takes control of her own destiny. The narrative is marked by Janie's relationships with her husbands—Logan Killicks, Joe Starks, and Tea Cake—and her ultimate discovery of true love and independence.

V. S. Naipaul's "A Bend in the River" is a novel set in an unnamed African country during a period of political upheaval. The narrative follows Salim, an Indian immigrant who becomes entangled in the complexities of postcolonial life. Naipaul's writing style is characterized by its sharp observations and exploration of human nature. The novel is a powerful commentary on the challenges of postcolonial identity and the complexities of nation-building. "A Bend in the River" is a significant contribution to postcolonial literature and continues to spark discussion and interpretation.

The Lord of the Rings, written by J.R. R. Tolkien, is an epic high fantasy novel set in Middle-earth. The story follows Frodo Baggins, a hobbit who inherits the One Ring from his uncle Bilbo. The Ring, forged by Sauron, holds the power to control all other Rings of Power and must be destroyed in the fires of Mount Doom to prevent Sauron's return. Frodo is joined by a fellowship of other characters, including Gandalf the Grey, Samwise Gamgee, Aragorn, Legolas, Gimli, and Boromir, as they embark on a dangerous quest across Middle-earth. The novel explores themes of good vs. evil, the corrupting influence of power, and the struggle between fate and free will.

Published in 1876, 'Daniel Deronda' is George Eliot's final novel and a thought-provoking exploration of love, identity, and society. The story follows the lives of Gwendolen Harleth, a beautiful but spoiled and selfish young woman, and Daniel Deronda, a selfless and alienated man searching for his true origins. The novel delves into the complexities of Victorian society, including imperialism, the oppression of women, and racial and religious prejudice. Daniel's journey leads him to discover his Jewish heritage and become deeply involved in the nascent Zionist cause, while Gwendolen navigates a troubled marriage and seeks redemption. The novel is notable for its sympathetic portrayal of Jewish culture and its critique of antisemitism, making it a radical and controversial work in its time.

In 'Evelina', Frances Burney crafts a vivid and satirical account of late 18th-century London society through the eyes of its protagonist, Evelina Anville. The novel follows Evelina's journey as she navigates the complexities of high society, encountering various characters that reflect the social norms and excesses of the time. It is both a commentary on the societal pressures faced by women and a love story, with Evelina attracting the attention of the charming Lord Orville.

Written in 1931 and published in 1932, 'Brave New World' is a dystopian novel set in a futuristic World State where humans are bred in vitro and predestined into a rigid social hierarchy. The novel explores themes of technological advancement, social conditioning, and the loss of individuality and freedom. The story revolves around characters such as Bernard Marx, an Alpha who questions the society, Mustapha Mond, the World Controller, and John, a 'Savage' from a reservation who introduces elements of emotion and individuality into the highly controlled World State. The novel critiques the optimism of technological progress and its potential to create a society that values stability and happiness over humanity and freedom.

Written in 1759, 'Rasselas' follows the journey of a prince from Abyssinia who leaves his luxurious but confined life in the Happy Valley to explore the world and discover the secret of happiness. Alongside his companions, he encounters various lifestyles and philosophies, ultimately concluding that true happiness is elusive. The book is a critique of the optimism prevalent during the Enlightenment.

Published in 1949, '1984' is a cautionary tale by George Orwell that explores the dangers of totalitarianism. The novel is set in a dystopian future where the world is divided into three super-states, with the protagonist Winston Smith living in Oceania, ruled by the mysterious and omnipotent leader Big Brother. Winston works at the Ministry of Truth, where he rewrites historical records to conform to the Party's ever-changing narrative. He begins an illicit love affair with Julia and starts to rebel against the Party, but they are eventually caught and subjected to brutal torture and indoctrination. The novel highlights themes of government surveillance, manipulation of language and history, and the suppression of individual freedom and independent thought.

Published in 1937, 'The Hobbit' is a children's fantasy novel that introduces readers to the richly imagined world of Middle-earth. The story follows Bilbo Baggins, a home-loving hobbit, who is persuaded by Gandalf to join Thorin and his twelve dwarves on a quest to reclaim their treasure from the dragon Smaug. During the journey, Bilbo encounters various creatures, including trolls, goblins, and the mysterious Gollum, and discovers a magical ring that renders the wearer invisible. The novel is a prequel to 'The Lord of the Rings' and explores themes of personal growth, courage, and unexpected heroism.