Andrés Verlasco, a politician and economist, and Lorna Scott Fox, a writer and translator, discuss the Chilean coup and its significance today. They explore the unexpected military intervention, the multiple crises faced by Chile in 1973, the fragility of democracies, and the symbolism of Salvador Allende's death. They also touch upon the controversial death of poet Neruda. A captivating conversation on history, politics, and memory.
The coup in Chile marked the abrupt end of a functioning democracy, shocking the nation and highlighting the fragility of democratic politics.
Economic instability, constitutional crises, and lack of democratic negotiations contributed to the coup and the failure of Salvador Allende's government.
The coup had a totemic significance, emphasizing the fragility of democracies globally, and the importance of learning from Chile's tragic history.
Deep dives
Memories of the coup and its aftermath
Andres Velasco and Lorna Scott Fox share their personal memories of the coup in Chile and its aftermath. Velasco recalls the day itself, the fear, the curiosity, and the unexpected brutality. He emphasizes that Chile had a functioning democracy leading up to the coup, making the violent takeover and subsequent bloodshed all the more shocking. Scott Fox highlights the impact of the coup on the country's democracy and the loss of Aende's government, which symbolized a shift from good to evil. Both speakers discuss the failure of democratic politics in preventing the coup and reflect on the long-lasting trauma inflicted on Chileans.
Understanding the factors leading to the coup
Velasco provides insights into the economic and political factors that contributed to the coup. He mentions the economic instability caused by impractical government policies, such as running a huge budget deficit and nationalizing industries without adequate control. He also points out the constitutional and legitimacy crises that further weakened the Aende administration. The lack of a second-round election system and the absence of majority support for Aende's government from the beginning added to the precariousness of the situation. Velasco emphasizes the failure of democratic negotiations and concessions in averting the coup.
Reflections on the coup's historical significance and vigilance for democracy
Scott Fox highlights the totemic significance of the coup, particularly outside of Chile, but also acknowledges the difficulties in discussing the value and success of Aende's project due to the subsequent horror. She notes the challenges faced by Aende in choosing between pragmatism and holding on to democratic ideals, as well as the complexity of evaluating his efforts in the context of external forces and opposition within his coalition. Both speakers stress the fragility of democracies and the need for vigilance, drawing attention to current examples of democratic erosion and the lessons to be learned from Chile's tragic history.
The Chilean Socialists' Reflection on Past Mistakes
The podcast episode explores how the Chilean Socialists, including the socialist government of Chile in the past, came to acknowledge and learn from their mistakes. It discusses how, in the late 60s and early 70s, there was a moment of radicalization, ideological polarization, and agitation, which influenced many decisions made by the government. However, with the benefit of hindsight, many socialist politicians now acknowledge that their actions during that time were based on following what everyone else was doing. The episode also highlights the process of Chilean socialist renewal in the 80s and 90s, where the party openly embraced self-criticism and recognized their misgovernance. This experience set the stage for subsequent socialist administrations in Chile, aiming to govern effectively without repeating past mistakes.
The Evolution of the Chilean Socialist Party
The podcast episode delves into the transformation of the Chilean Socialist Party over the years. It emphasizes that while the party has undergone changes, it maintains a sense of continuity and remains deeply democratic. The episode highlights that the party is diverse, with varying levels of criticism towards past administrations. It mentions that the party has learned from the failure of the Allende government and is committed to fiscal responsibility and prudence as a progressive approach. The current administration, led by President Borich, demonstrates a move towards the center and a focus on effective governance. The episode also touches on the evolving role of women in Chilean society and politics, reflecting a shift from the patriarchal norms of the past towards greater gender equality.
This week is the fiftieth anniversary of the coup in Chile that ended the life of Salvador Allende and marked the temporary death of Chilean democracy. We talk to the politician and economist Andrés Velasco and the writer and translator Lorna Scott Fox about their memories of the coup and their understanding of its significance today. What does it say about the unfulfilled promise and ongoing fragility of democratic politics, in Chile and beyond?