Saint Leo the Great on Christ's Mysterious Presence in the Poor | Fr. Andrew Hofer, O.P.
Sep 2, 2024
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Fr. Andrew Hofer, O.P., a professor of patristics at the Pontifical Faculty of the Dominican House of Studies, delves into the profound teachings of St. Leo the Great. He highlights how Leo emphasized Christ's presence in the poor, urging listeners to extend charity and mercy. The discussion reflects on Leo's compassionate response to a refugee crisis in Rome and how he balanced theological truths with pastoral care. Ultimately, Hofer underscores that caring for the marginalized is integral to the Christian faith, embodying God's love.
St. Leo the Great emphasized that caring for the poor is essential to the Christian faith and reflects God’s mercy.
He taught that Christ's presence is uniquely found in the suffering of the marginalized, urging believers to recognize their inherent dignity.
Deep dives
St. Leo the Great and Social Justice
St. Leo the Great, the first pope whose homilies were preserved, emphasized the Christian duty to assist the needy and poor, reflecting God's mercy. His preaching highlighted that caring for the poor is intrinsically linked to the Christian faith, often citing Psalm 41, which expresses blessedness for those who consider the weak. Leo's homilies were rooted in the context of his time, as he navigated significant issues such as food shortages and the influx of refugees into Rome. His teachings serve as a model for aligning doctrinal beliefs with pastoral practice, emphasizing that true orthodoxy includes a commitment to the welfare of the impoverished.
The Role of the Poor in Society
Leo's perspective on the poor was nuanced; rather than viewing them merely as objects of charity for the wealthy, he emphasized their inherent dignity and agency. He preached that the poor could also give, citing biblical stories like the widow's mite to demonstrate that even those with little can contribute significantly to the community. Leo spoke of the unfortunate tendency of some to dehumanize the poor, warning against seeing them solely as means to an end for the rich's salvation. Through his emphasis on compassion and relationality, he advocated for understanding the particular needs of the poor while simultaneously recognizing their humanity.
Almsgiving as a Shared Christian Virtue
For Leo, almsgiving was a practice that should embody love and charity from both the rich and the poor. He stressed that the act of giving transcends mere financial assistance, as it involves genuine empathy and connection with one another's struggles. By invoking stories of specific individuals in need, Leo illustrated that serving others is not just a duty but a deep relational call that involves understanding their feelings. His teachings encouraged Christians to develop a communal sense of responsibility, where merciful acts break down barriers between different social classes.
Christ's Presence in the Poor
Leo believed that Christ is uniquely present in the suffering and marginalized individuals, thus making a connection between the faithful and the poor essential for understanding Christianity. He asserted that neglecting the poor is tantamount to ignoring Christ himself, as both embody the same divine nature. In his preaching, Leo urged believers to recognize the sacredness of each person's plight, highlighting that one's humanity is not diminished when linked to Christ’s suffering. His theological viewpoint promotes inclusivity, asserting that both the rich and poor can find common ground through the shared experience of Christ in their lives.
Fr. Andrew Hofer discusses St. Leo the Great who was pope from 440 to 461 AD. St. Leo preached extensively on the importance of almsgiving and caring for the poor, emphasizing Christ's presence in them. His teachings united doctrine and pastoral practice, encouraging both rich and poor to practice charity while recognizing the dignity and humanity of those in need. His sermons countered allegations of dehumanizing the poor, instead promoting a view of deification that perfects humanity through God's mercy and the incarnation.
This lecture was given on April 13th, 2024, at The Dominican House of Studies.
Fr. Andrew Hofer, O.P., (Ph.D. Notre Dame) is professor of patristics and ancient languages at the Pontifical Faculty of the Dominican House of Studies where he serves as the director of the doctoral program. He authored Christ in the Life and Teaching of Gregory of Nazianzus (Oxford University Press, 2013) and The Power of Patristic Preaching: The Word in Our Flesh (Catholic University of America, 2023). He co-authored A Living Sacrifice: Guidance for Men Discerning Religious Life (Vianney Vocations, 2019). Editor-in-chief of the academic journal The Thomist, Hofer is editor or co-editor of several volumes including The Oxford Handbook of Deification, The Cambridge Companion to Augustine's Sermons, and Thomas Aquinas and the Greek Fathers. He enjoys speaking with students about their theological and spiritual questions.
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