Spider silk expert Dr. Randy Lewis discusses the different types of spider silk, how spiders use them to build their webs, and the potential uses of spider silk in composite materials and adhesives. He also talks about genetically modifying bacteria, goats, and silk worms to produce spider silk, as well as the strength and applications of spider silk, including its role in Spider-Man's web-slinging.
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Quick takeaways
Spider silk is composed of spidroins, proteins that are as strong as steel but more flexible, and different spiders produce different types of silk with varying mechanical properties.
Spider silk has various potential applications, including its use as a fiber in textiles, reinforcement in composite materials, and as an adhesive coating on surfaces, and researchers have made progress in synthetic production of spider silk through genetic engineering.
Deep dives
Understanding Spider Silk
Spider silk is composed of spidroins, which are proteins that are as strong as steel but more flexible. It is similar to collagen or keratin. The production of spider silk involves the spiders pulling the silk out of their glands, causing the protein molecules to line up and become insoluble, forming the fiber. Different spiders produce different types of silk with varying mechanical properties.
Spider Silk Applications
Spider silk has various potential applications. It can be used as a fiber in textiles, such as clothing and climbing ropes, due to its combination of strength and elasticity. It can also be utilized in composite materials, like epoxy-based composites, for reinforcement purposes. Spider silk has adhesive properties and can be used as a coating for various surfaces, from medical applications to defense-related uses.
Synthetic Production of Spider Silk
Researchers have made progress in synthetic production of spider silk. They have spliced spider silk producing genes into different organisms, such as goats and silk worm moths, to obtain spider silk proteins from their milk and cocoons, respectively. This genetic engineering approach enables the production of spider silk without relying solely on spiders, providing more sustainable and controlled sources of the material.
Invisible but stronger than steel. Complex architectural marvels. Things that stick to your face. Spiderwebs are much more than just Halloween decor or something to feather dust from your corners. Spider silk expert Dr. Randy Lewis of Utah State University not only coined the word "spidroin" for the proteins comprising the many types of silk, but he is considered one of the foremost experts on the wonders of spiderwebs. Alie visits his lab and chats about how spiders weave them, what the silk is made of, and how realistic your favourite spidey superhero’s antics are. You'll never (not) see a spiderweb the same.