Decoder with Nilay Patel How Trump’s tariffs actually work on the ground
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Apr 17, 2025 
Ryan Petersen, Founder and CEO of Flexport, shares insights on how Trump's trade policies are reshaping global logistics. He discusses the complexities of tariffs and their impact on the supply chain, emphasizing the need for businesses to adapt quickly to changing regulations. Petersen highlights a shift in manufacturing patterns towards countries like Vietnam and illustrates the vital role of technology in navigating these turbulent times. With tariffs affecting pricing and customs processes, he argues for a more agile approach to global trade management.
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Shifting Manufacturing Hubs
- Bookings from China are down, while bookings from Vietnam are up on Flexport's platform.
- Last week marked the first time Vietnam surpassed China in ocean freight volume, indicating a manufacturing shift.
Tariff Collection Challenges
- Tariffs are paid to the U.S. Treasury, often via automated clearinghouses or through customs brokers like Flexport.
- The executive order basing tariffs on departure date, not arrival date, is causing issues for Customs and Border Protection's systems.
Responding to Tariff Changes
- Flexport waits for updates to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) before adjusting its systems, not just social media posts.
- This disciplined approach allows for a more measured response to frequent tariff changes.