Economic expert Brad Setser from CFR discusses Biden's new tariffs, exploring the impact on Chinese EV development, implications on batteries and legacy chips, China's financial reserves, and the national security significance of US electric vehicle production. The podcast also includes a light-hearted banter about pandas and diplomacy at the San Diego Zoo.
Biden administration adjusts tariffs strategically for US industrial development, aligning with China's policies.
US focuses on developing domestic capabilities, particularly in critical sectors like electric vehicles, to counterbalance China.
Tariff adjustments on batteries and legacy chips aim to address industry dependencies and ensure national security interests.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Tariff Policy: From Trump Administration to Biden's Approach
The podcast delves into the progression of tariff policy from the Trump administration to the Biden administration. Starting with the imposition of section 301 tariffs in the Trump era over technology transfer and IP theft issues, negotiations with China ensued leading to escalating tariffs. The Biden administration inherited a review of these tariffs, culminating in adjustments to tariffs on products deemed strategically vital for America's industrial development, aligning with China's industrial policies.
Challenges and Responses in Addressing China's Manufacturing Dominance
Discussion centers on the evolving responses to China's emergence as a manufacturing powerhouse. Initial views of China's manufacturing as complementary to the US economy shifted as Chinese firms became potent competitors, prompting negotiations for reform. Current strategies focus on US industrial policies to counterbalance China's dominance and develop domestic capabilities, particularly in critical sectors like electric vehicles and batteries, while ensuring strategic self-reliance.
Strategic Considerations in Tariff Adjustments: Assessing Overcapacity and Industry Dependencies
The podcast highlights the strategic implications of tariff adjustments, like those on batteries and legacy chips, to address concerns over industry dependencies and overcapacity. Evaluations include the impact of tariffs on battery supplies to support domestic production and mitigate concentration risks from China. Discussions also touch upon the need for strategic foresight in semiconductor and legacy chip industries to ensure national security interests are safeguarded amidst evolving geopolitical landscapes.
Focus on Key Industries and Strategic Investments: Addressing Vulnerabilities and Advancing Domestic Capabilities
The discourse extends to the significance of permanent magnets, needles for syringes, and active pharmaceuticals in addressing vulnerabilities and advancing US domestic capabilities. Pertinent sectors necessitate government support to establish self-sufficiency, with permanent magnets vital for defense electronics and wind turbines, underscoring strategic imperatives. Additionally, measures related to syringes and legacy chips reflect efforts to fortify critical supply chains and mitigate reliance on foreign sources for key industries.
Analysis of US-China Trade Relations and Pharmaceutical Concerns
The podcast delves into the complexity of US-China trade relations, highlighting the challenges faced by the Biden administration in reaching consensus on key issues. A major point of contention revolves around pharmaceutical trade, with a focus on the potential impact of China's role on essential medication supply. While pharmaceuticals play a critical role in bilateral trade, the low-profit margin nature of the industry poses challenges for alternative supply sources. The discussion emphasizes the importance of state capacity and collaboration with trusted allies to ensure a stable and sufficient supply of vital medicines.
Exploring Trump's Trade Policies and Financial Interdependence
The episode also scrutinizes former President Trump's trade policies and their implications, particularly focusing on tariff strategies. The analysis dissects the potential outcomes of Trump's proposed tariffs on US-China trade, highlighting the impact on bilateral trade dynamics and revenue. Additionally, the discussion delves into the concept of financial interdependence between the US and China, tracing its evolution post-global financial crisis. The narrative underscores the significance of diversification in foreign portfolios and the balance of financial terror in shaping economic relationships.
