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The Inquiry

Why is China building the world’s biggest dam?

Jan 28, 2025
Mark Zeitoun, Director General of the Geneva Water Hub and expert in international water law, discusses China’s ambitious plan to construct the world’s largest hydropower dam on the Yarlung Tsangpo River. He highlights the potential energy output, which could surpass the Three Gorges Dam, while addressing concerns over ecological impacts and geopolitical tensions with neighboring countries. The conversation also explores China's broader goals for renewable energy, water management, and climate action, all of which are crucial in a rapidly changing global landscape.
23:01

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Podcast summary created with Snipd AI

Quick takeaways

  • China's construction of the world's largest hydropower dam reveals its ambition for energy dominance while raising environmental and resettlement concerns in Tibet.
  • Neighboring countries, particularly India and Bangladesh, fear that China's new dam may disrupt their water security, highlighting geopolitical tensions over shared resources.

Deep dives

China's Ambitious Hydropower Project

China is moving forward with plans to construct the world's largest hydropower dam, generating 60 gigawatts of electricity, which significantly surpasses the capacity of the existing Three Gorges Dam. This project, located in a remote area of Tibet on the Yarlang Zanpo River, showcases advanced engineering that includes long diversion tunnels to harness the river's steep gradient. Despite the excitement surrounding its design, concerns about its economic feasibility and environmental impacts are prevalent, especially considering that hundreds of people may need to be resettled due to the dam's construction. Environmentalists highlight the potential disruption to local ecosystems and the cultural significance of the river, as it harbors sacred sites impacting the identity of Tibetan communities.

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