History of Philosophy: India, Africana, China HPC 14. Every Man for Himself: Virtue and the Body
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Oct 6, 2024 Ancient Chinese philosophy takes center stage as the intriguing figure of Yang Zhu challenges Confucian ideals. The podcast dives into the moral complexities of virtue, hypocrisy, and self-interest, showcasing how thinkers like Kongzi and Mengzi shaped personal morality. It contrasts their views with those of Yang Zhu and Mozi, revealing a rich tapestry of ethical debate in the past. Listeners will discover how ancient perspectives on egoism and hedonism still resonate in modern discussions about morality.
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Confucian Exemplars and Criticism
- Confucian exemplars like Yao, Shun, and Confucius inspire us with their comprehensive virtue.
- Critics argue that Confucians act virtuously only when convenient, their masks dropping in tough situations.
Virtue's Physical Manifestation
- Confucians countered hypocrisy accusations by linking virtue to physical appearance, particularly a warm, smooth complexion and clear eyes.
- This physical manifestation is attributed to the life spirit "qi" being in a healthy state.
Challenges to the Physical Virtue Theory
- Confucian disciple Zizi challenged the link between physical appearance and sagehood, citing examples of sages with physical differences.
- The legendary Emperor Yu's physical debility from tireless work was seen as a sign of virtue, not its absence.
