Stoicism FAQ: Freewill, Happiness, and Death (Episode 3)
Jan 3, 2023
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Exploring Stoic views on free will, responsibility, and happiness. Contrasting ancient and modern philosophies. Importance of balancing near and far mode perspectives. Overcoming fear of death through understanding and accepting it. Importance of connecting with loved ones through interviews.
The Stoics believe in determinism and reject traditional notions of free will, emphasizing individual choices and moral responsibility.
According to the Stoics, happiness is found in living a virtuous life aligned with reason, not in external circumstances or pleasure.
Deep dives
The Stoic Perspective on Free Will
The Stoics do not believe in free will in the traditional sense. They believe in determinism, the idea that everything is determined by previous circumstances. They think that all that exists is physical matter, including our minds, and that physical matter follows the laws of the universe. According to the Stoics, free will is defined as making choices that are only caused by the individual and not imposed by external forces. They believe that even though determinism is true, we still have moral responsibility and can be judged based on our choices and actions.
The Stoic Understanding of Happiness
The Stoics define happiness as living an excellent life or flourishing. Rather than seeing happiness as a subjective psychological state, they view it as a state of excellence and virtue. Living a good life involves making choices that align with reason and acting virtuously. The Stoics emphasize that external circumstances and pleasure are not the true sources of happiness, but rather, it is found in living in accordance with our nature as rational beings. They believe that virtue is necessary and sufficient for a good life, and that it leads to inner peace and freedom from unnecessary desires and anxieties.
The Stoic Perspective on Death
The Stoics encourage the practice of memento mori, which means to remember death. They believe that death is an inevitable part of life and that acknowledging its presence helps to live a more fulfilling and meaningful life. The Stoics view death as a dispreferred indifferent, something that is not inherently bad, but not preferred either. Remembering the certainty of death helps to cultivate perspective, appreciate the present moment, and live with purpose. They highlight the importance of living morally and making the most of the time we have, as death can serve as a reminder of the impermanence of life.
Balancing the Present and Long-Term Perspective
The Stoics recognize the importance of both the present moment and the long-term perspective. They encourage finding a balance between the two. Being mindful of death reminds us of the temporary nature of life and encourages us to appreciate the present. However, long-term goals and projects are also important, as they give our lives direction and purpose. It is recommended to cultivate an awareness of both the immediate and the larger context, appreciating the present while keeping in mind the long-term goals and virtues that guide our actions.
In this episode, Caleb and Michael discuss important and frequently asked questions about Stoicism:
- What do the Stoics say about free will?
- What is the Stoic version of happiness? Can we be happy?
- What do the Stoics think about death?
Stoa Conversations is Caleb Ontiveros and Michael Tremblay’s podcast on Stoic theory and practice.
Caleb and Michael work together on the Stoa app. Stoa is designed to help you build resilience and focus on what matters. It combines the practical philosophy of Stoicism with modern techniques and meditation.
Caleb Ontiveros has a background in academic philosophy (MA) and startups. His favorite Stoic is Marcus Aurelius. Follow him here: https://twitter.com/calebmontiveros
Michael Tremblay also has a background in academic philosophy (PhD) where he focused on Epictetus. He is also a black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. His favorite Stoic is Epictetus. Follow him here: https://twitter.com/_MikeTremblay
Thank you to Michael Levy for graciously letting us use his music in the conversations: https://ancientlyre.com/
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