Donald Moynihan, a professor at the University of Michigan's Ford School, and Lisa Rine, an investigative reporter with The Washington Post, tackle the future of federal agencies amid potential job cuts. They discuss the critical roles of civil servants in American life and how public perceptions of federal workers are shifting. The duo also explores the challenges in attracting younger talent to federal jobs, emphasizing outdated hiring practices. Finally, they highlight the potential impacts of budget cuts on vital services and the debate around remote work policies.
The podcast emphasizes the importance of civil servants in maintaining effective governance, highlighting their impartiality and constitutional commitment against political influences.
It also discusses the urgent need to attract younger talent to the federal workforce, as the aging employee base risks losing crucial institutional knowledge.
Deep dives
The Structure of Federal Agencies
The podcast examines the complexity of the U.S. federal government, highlighting that it consists of 15 cabinet departments and approximately 2,000 agencies, many of which are not widely recognized. This structure was established to address various public issues, moving away from the spoils system of political appointments towards a merit-based civil service system created in the 1880s. With around 2.2 million civilian civil servants spread across the country, the podcast emphasizes that most federal employees live outside Washington, D.C., making them integral to their local communities. This geographic dispersion challenges the common perception of the federal government being solely Washington-centric.
Civil Servants versus Political Appointees
The discussion differentiates between civil servants and political appointees, noting that civil servants take an oath to the Constitution and focus on executing policy without partisan bias. Unlike political appointees, who serve at the pleasure of elected officials and actively promote their agendas, civil servants are tasked with preserving continuity and function across administrations. This impartiality is deemed essential for effective governance, especially as federal employees are often better equipped to serve the public without the influence of political motivations. The podcast argues that retaining a stable civil service is critical for ensuring reliable government services.
Challenges in Workforce Recruitment and Retention
The podcast highlights pressing issues related to federal workforce recruitment, particularly the low percentage of employees under 30, which stands at only 7%. Many young people are deterred by lengthy hiring processes, outdated hiring practices, and a perception of low pay compared to the private sector. Moreover, it discusses the pressing need for a tech-savvy workforce that can modernize government services, as technology roles are increasingly filled by younger candidates. This generational gap poses significant risks, especially as a large portion of the current workforce approaches retirement age, potentially leading to a loss of institutional knowledge.
Public Perception and Political Pressures
Public attitudes towards federal employees and agencies vary significantly, often influenced by personal experiences or the political climate. While agencies like NASA or the National Park Service enjoy high approval ratings, the podcast notes that overall skepticism towards government persists, largely driven by partisan rhetoric. There is concern about how proposed changes in workforce structure under the incoming administration, including plans to increase in-person work, might impact employee morale and retention. The podcast underscores that these shifts in public perception and policy could further complicate efforts to recruit and maintain a dedicated federal workforce.
President-elect Donald Trump says federal workers' jobs are on the chopping block under his incoming administration, citing waste and promising to "dismantle government bureaucracy."
The more than 2 million government workers across the country – at least 80 percent of whom are located outside DC – do critical work that keeps all facets of U.S. life running.
While the president-elect's rhetoric is concerning for them, problems with the upkeep and setup of our federal agencies do persist.
We launch our new series, dot Gov, with a look at the past, present and future of the federal workforce, and what's at stake for all Americans as these workers face changes under a new administration.