Psychiatrist Iain McGilchrist explores the divided brain and its impact on Western civilization. The discussion covers neuroscience, meditation, real conversations, narratives, the Enlightenment, immersive experiences, and the challenges of writing a book.
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Quick takeaways
The left and right hemispheres of the brain have different ways of attending to and experiencing the world, with the left focusing on manipulating the world and the right sustaining a sense of being in the world and broad attention.
The left hemisphere's perspective, dominated by control and mechanistic thinking, has influenced recent centuries of Western civilization, leading to reductionism in fields like economics, while the right hemisphere's perspective emphasizes context, collaboration, and understanding human interactions.
Attention plays a crucial role in shaping our experience of the world, and a reductionist, mechanistic view limits our ability to find meaning and fulfillment; cultivating a balanced and holistic understanding of the brain can lead to a more accurate perception of reality.
Deep dives
The difference between the left and right sides of the brain
According to the guest, there is a massive difference between the left and right sides of the brain, but it's a question of what that difference is. The left hemisphere is good at helping manipulate the world, while the right hemisphere sustains a sense of being in the world and a broad, vigilant attention. Both hemispheres are necessary and have different ways of attending to and experiencing the world.
The impact of the left and right brain on Western civilization
The guest argues that the left and right brain have influenced the evolution of Western civilization differently at different times. The left hemisphere's perspective, characterized by control, fragmentation, and mechanistic thinking, has dominated in recent centuries, leading to a reductionist approach in fields like economics. However, the right hemisphere's perspective, emphasizing context, between-ness, and collaboration, is important for understanding the complexity of human interactions and for finding fulfillment and meaning in life.
The importance of attention and the limitations of mechanistic thinking
The guest highlights the significance of attention in shaping our experience of the world. By being attentive, we can see the richness, connections, and meaning that exist beyond the narrow focus of the left hemisphere's mechanical thinking. He emphasizes the limitations of a reductionist, mechanistic view of the world, arguing that it does not accurately reflect the complexity of life and can hinder our ability to find meaning and fulfillment.
The Importance of Balance in Thinking
The speaker argues that it is not just what we think, but how we think that matters. He emphasizes the importance of humility and reflection in our thinking processes. He suggests that both physical and social sciences often lack a degree of humility, leading to overconfidence and eventual failures. The speaker also discusses the role of the brain in shaping our perception of the world, and how a balanced and holistic understanding of the brain's functions can lead to a more nuanced and accurate view of reality.
The Limits of Materialism and the Search for Meaning
In response to a question about the materialistic worldview, the speaker highlights the limitations of a purely materialistic perspective. He argues that there are aspects of life that cannot be measured or proven, such as love and consciousness. The speaker suggests that focusing solely on material wealth and physical well-being does not necessarily lead to happiness or a sense of fulfillment. He calls for a broader understanding of human experience that includes spirituality, empathy, and a connection with nature.
Psychiatrist and author Iain McGilchrist talks about his book, The Master and His Emissary, with EconTalk host Russ Roberts. McGilchrist argues we have misunderstand the purpose and effect of the divided brain. The left side is focused, concrete, and confident while the right side is about integration of ourselves with the complexity of the world around us. McGilchrist uses this distinction to analyze the history of western civilization. This is a wide-ranging conversation that includes discussions of poetry, philosophy, and economics.
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