In Focus by The Hindu Why most students in Bengal and Odisha take private tuitions
Sep 9, 2025
In this engaging discussion, Sabir Ahamed, Programme Director at the Pratichi Institute, dives into the booming private tutoring scene in Bengal and Odisha. He reveals how private tuition has evolved into a critical component of education, often eclipsing formal schooling. Ahamed sheds light on the socio-economic pressures driving families to invest heavily in coaching, sometimes outspending school fees. He explores the impact of competitive exams and the cultural implications of this shift, raising questions about the future of learning in India.
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Historical Roots Of Tutoring Culture
- West Bengal has a long, cultural history of private tuition tied to colonial-era aspirations and refugee emphasis on education.
- This historic prestige-driven culture made shadow education near-universal and deeply entrenched across classes.
Tuition Crosses Class Lines
- Tuition is near-universal across social classes, with distinct rationales from rich and poor families.
- Affluent families cite lack of time, while poorer families cite lack of parental schooling, perpetuating demand.
Regulation Fails Without Monitoring
- A legal ban on teachers giving tuition exists but enforcement is weak due to invisible monitoring and parental protection of teachers.
- Low complaint rates and social collusion keep teacher-led tuition widespread despite rules.