HoP 476 What He Should Have Said: the Early Cartesians

René Descartes' "Treatise of Man" is a philosophical work exploring the mechanics of the human body. Descartes posits the body as a complex machine governed by natural laws, distinct from the soul or mind. He describes various physiological processes, including sensation, movement, and digestion, as functions of this intricate mechanism. The treatise reflects Descartes' broader mechanistic view of nature, seeking to explain phenomena through physical principles. Although incomplete during his lifetime, it provides insights into his dualistic philosophy and his attempt to reconcile science and metaphysics. The work remains influential in the history of science and philosophy, shaping subsequent understandings of the body-mind relationship.

Meditations is a series of private writings composed by Marcus Aurelius, one of Rome's greatest emperors, as he struggled to understand himself and make sense of the universe. Written between 170 and 180 CE while on military campaigns, this work combines Stoic philosophy with personal observations on leadership, duty, mortality, and human nature. Through twelve books of intimate thoughts never intended for publication, Marcus Aurelius explores themes of self-improvement, resilience in the face of adversity, and living virtuously while accepting what cannot be changed.

Tom Turcich's "The World Walk" chronicles his seven-year journey around the globe on foot, accompanied by his dog, Savannah. The book details the physical and emotional challenges he faced, the lessons he learned about himself and the world, and the profound impact of minimalism on his life. It explores themes of self-discovery, resilience, and the importance of intentional living. Turcich's narrative offers inspiration to readers seeking to simplify their lives and embrace adventure. The book also highlights the kindness and generosity of strangers encountered along his path.

Published in 1637, 'Discourse on the Method' is a seminal work by René Descartes that outlines his philosophical and scientific method. The book is divided into six parts and addresses various topics including skepticism, the existence of God and the human soul, and the distinction between the mind and body. Descartes introduces his famous statement 'I think, therefore I am' and lays the groundwork for modern Western philosophy and the scientific method. The work also discusses his approach to morality and the investigation of natural phenomena, influencing disciplines from philosophy to psychology and cognitive science.

The Discourses of Epictetus are a series of informal lectures written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. The philosophy of Epictetus is intensely practical, directing students to focus on their opinions, anxieties, passions, and desires to distinguish what is within their control from what is not. The teachings aim to make people free and happy by living virtuously and 'according to nature. ' The Discourses cover a wide range of topics, including friendship, illness, fear, and poverty, and how to acquire and maintain tranquility. They are set in Epictetus' classroom in Nicopolis and reflect his earnest and often humorous style of teaching.