Edda Fields-Black, a social historian and author, joins Harriet Tubman’s great-great-great-grandniece, Ernestine Martin-Wyatt, to discuss Tubman's extraordinary role as a Civil War spy. They delve into how Tubman's espionage efforts led to a pivotal raid that freed over 750 enslaved people. Edda shares insights into Tubman’s innovative tactics and leadership, while Ernestine emphasizes the importance of preserving Tubman’s legacy in the fight for freedom and democracy, even as discussions about her potential image on currency highlight ongoing struggles for representation.
Harriet Tubman not only assisted in freeing enslaved individuals through the Underground Railroad, but also conducted vital espionage and commanded an armed military operation during the Civil War.
The acknowledgment of Tubman’s contributions is growing, highlighting her extraordinary leadership and the ongoing societal shifts regarding race and history in America.
Deep dives
Harriet Tubman's Role as a Civil War Spy
Harriet Tubman played a crucial role in the Civil War as a spy and military leader, most notably during the Cumbie River raid. Despite her background as an illiterate former slave, Tubman successfully led an armed mission that freed over 750 enslaved individuals and dismantled Confederate resources. Her ability to gather intelligence by infiltrating enemy lines and communicating with enslaved people was instrumental to the Union's strategy. This operation not only challenged traditional warfare tactics but also showcased Tubman's exceptional leadership skills, making her the first woman in the U.S. to command an armed military operation.
Challenges and Triumphs in Commanding Troops
Commanding a group of soldiers during the raid presented unique challenges for Tubman, particularly as a Black woman in a male-dominated military environment. Despite potential skepticism regarding her authority, Tubman's reputation as 'Moses' from the Underground Railroad earned her respect and credibility. Her ability to maintain order and cohesion among the troops was illustrated when she sang to calm the freedom seekers trying to board U.S. Army boats, demonstrating her charismatic leadership. Additionally, personal accounts reveal that even senior officers recognized Tubman's capabilities, with one general pouring water for her, reflecting her esteemed status.
Legacy and Recognition of Harriet Tubman
The legacy of Harriet Tubman is increasingly recognized today, reflecting the societal changes surrounding discussions of race and history. Although she was overlooked in official military records due to her race and gender, recent scholarship emphasizes her vital contributions during the Civil War. Tubman’s bravery and commitment not only served the Union's cause but also embodied a larger fight for liberty and equality. Today, ongoing efforts to commemorate her achievements, such as her potential visage on the $20 bill, highlight the importance of acknowledging and honoring her legacy in the context of American history.
She’s known for helping to free people through the Underground Railroad, but Harriet Tubman was also a spy during the Civil War. And with the intelligence she collected, the Maryland native became the first woman to lead men into battle on gunboats down the Combahee River in South Carolina. The Combahee River Raid destroyed several vital Confederate rice plantations and liberated more than 750 people from enslavement.
Social historian Edda Fields-Black reveals new details about the raid and Tubman.
And later in the episode, Ernestine Wyatt, Tubman’s great-great-great-grandniece, discusses the importance of Harriet’s espionage work and the legacy of her dedication to democracy.