HAP 17 - Event Horizon - African Philosophy of Time
Dec 9, 2018
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John Mbiti discusses African philosophy of time, highlighting the traditional African view of time with a long past, a present, and virtually no future. The podcast explores contrasting perspectives on time between African and Western societies, emphasizing the cyclical nature of time in ancient civilizations like Egypt and the fluid African concept of time through concrete events and cultural perspectives.
Many pre-modern societies saw time as cyclical and pivotal moments for preserving order.
Traditional African societies view time as two-dimensional with little significance on the future.
Deep dives
Diverse Concepts of Time in Different Societies
Various societies, including the ancient Egyptians, Indians, and some Greek philosophers, viewed time not as a linear entity but as cyclical. The Egyptians, despite their timekeeping technologies like sundials, believed time was cyclical and intertwined with divine creation. In contrast to modern linear perceptions of time, many pre-modern societies saw temporal transitions as pivotal moments requiring the preservation of order.
Concrete Notions of Time in African Traditional Societies
Edward Evans Prichard's study revealed that African societies like the Nuer, Tiv, and Kaguru discussed time in concrete terms, linked to natural phenomena and social events. These cultures did not have abstract concepts of time or words for time itself. The Tiv's lack of coordination between lunar cycles and seasons exemplifies their concrete and event-centered understanding of time.
John M. Bitti's African Philosophy of Time
Kenyan philosopher John M. Bitti argued that traditional African societies viewed time as a two-dimensional phenomenon, extensively shaped by concrete experiences and natural cycles. For Africans, time largely consists of a long past and an immediate present, with the future holding minimal significance. Bitti's terminological distinction between 'Sasa' as the present and 'Zamani' as the past reflects the empirical nature of time in traditional African worldviews.
John Mbiti’s influential and controversial claim that traditional Africans experience time as having “a long past, a present, and virtually no future.”
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