Professor Perry Mehrling explains his 'Money View' framework and its importance in understanding financial markets. He discusses the role of money in the economy and how it helps explain the financial crisis and post-crisis regulations. The podcast also explores the dealer function, shadow banking, and the causes of the 2008 financial crisis.
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Quick takeaways
Understanding the role of money as a means of settlement and the interlocking balance sheets is crucial for comprehending the financial crisis and weaknesses of post-crisis regulations.
Liquidity constraints, rather than solvency problems, played a significant role in triggering the global financial crisis, highlighting the need to consider liquidity risks and the importance of central banks as backstops to prevent financial crises.
Deep dives
The Liquidity Crisis: Understanding the Role of Money and Repo Markets
The podcast episode discusses the importance of understanding the role of money and repo markets in the global financial system. The guest, Professor Perry Merling, explains the concept of the money view, which emphasizes the essential role of money as a means of settlement and the interlocking balance sheets in the economy. He highlights that the 2007-2009 financial crisis was primarily a liquidity crisis caused by the freeze-up of global funding markets, rather than just a solvency problem. The discussion also touches upon the dominance of the US dollar in the global financial system and the challenges it poses, as well as the need for central banks to act as dealers of last resort to prevent financial crises. The episode concludes with insights into the recent repo market blow-up in September and potential solutions to address vulnerabilities in the repo market.
The Shift to Market-Based Credit System and the Importance of Plumbing
The podcast explores the evolution from a bank lending credit system to a market-based credit system and the emphasis on securing money market credit. Professor Merling emphasizes that focusing on solvency through increased capital requirements may not be sufficient in preventing crises, as liquidity constraints played a significant role in triggering the global financial crisis. He discusses the importance of understanding the plumbing of the financial system, including the role of dealers in setting asset prices and the interplay between money market funding and capital market lending. The episode also touches upon the potential risks in the emerging market, the role of China in the global financial landscape, and the centrality of the US dollar.
The Role of Liquidity in Financial Crises
The podcast delves into the distinction between liquidity and solvency problems in financial crises. Professor Merling explains that liquidity, the ability to make payments as promised, is a central issue in maintaining a stable financial system. He highlights that the subprime mortgage crisis, while a trigger, was not the root cause of the global financial crisis. Instead, the crisis was primarily due to liquidity problems in the shadow banking system and global funding markets. The episode emphasizes the need for regulators to consider liquidity risks and the importance of central banks acting as a backstop to prevent financial crises.
Regulatory Approaches and Proposals to Address Liquidity Challenges
The podcast discusses regulatory responses to the global financial crisis, which focused on increasing capital requirements to enhance solvency. However, Professor Merling suggests that these measures may not adequately address liquidity risks. He highlights the importance of the central bank's role as a dealer of last resort and proposes the implementation of a standing repo facility as a backstop to prevent liquidity crises. The episode also touches upon the challenges of implementing new mechanisms for the market-based credit system and the need for coordination and political support to ensure the stability of the global financial system.
Even to this day, there are economists who don't understand money or don't think that money is an important aspect of the economy. They see the world as still operating essentially under a barter system, with money only there as a means of lubricating transactions. But this is precisely the opposite way you should be looking at things, according to this week's guest. Perry Mehrling is a Professor of International Political Economy at the Pardee School of Global Studies, Boston University, and he's known for advocating what he calls "The Money View." In his framework, money is front and center (not something to be abstracted away). In our discussion, he explains how this view helps explain the financial crisis, the repo blowup, and the weaknesses of post-crisis regulations.