Discussion on the evolution of the US-China trade war and potential intensification of tariffs under a second Trump administration. Impact of tariffs on US-China relations, including decline in Chinese sales and necessity of trade restrictions. Factors influencing US-China relations, such as swing states and Trump's tough stance on China. Effects of tariffs on inflation, challenges in clean energy and critical industries, competition between Chinese EVs and Tesla, and emergence of trade blocks.
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Quick takeaways
The Trump and Biden administrations have maintained a consensus on constraining Chinese exports through tariffs, indicating the importance of addressing trade issues with China.
China's industrial prowess in key sectors like EVs, legacy automakers, and semiconductors poses a challenge to the US, leading to concerns over how to effectively respond to China's targeted industrial policies and potential dominance in these industries.
Deep dives
The Impact of Tariffs on US-China Trade
The podcast discusses the impact of tariffs on US-China trade. It highlights how the Trump administration's tariffs on Chinese exports were continued by the Biden administration, indicating a consensus on constraining Chinese exports. The podcast examines the effectiveness of tariffs in curbing Chinese sales to the US and the potential consequences of increased tariffs. It also explores the complexities of trade relationships, including manufacturing in Mexico and potential leakage of Chinese goods through other countries.
Strategic Industry Concerns in US-China Trade
The podcast delves into the strategic concerns shaping US-China trade policy. It emphasizes that while China's GDP growth may be slowing, it exhibits strength in key industrial areas, such as EVs, legacy automakers, and semiconductors. It discusses the fear in the US over China's targeted industrial policies and long-term experience in pouring money into strategically important sectors. The podcast highlights the concern that China's industrial prowess may surpass that of the US and Europe, and the US is grappling with how to respond effectively.
The Evolution of US Trade Policy on China
The podcast explores the evolution of US trade policy on China. It points out the bipartisan consensus in Washington that restrictions on Chinese exports are necessary, with the question now becoming how much. It notes the appeal of tough policy on China for US voters, especially in swing states affected by the loss of manufacturing jobs. The podcast also highlights the increasing alignment between China and Russia and the potential formation of East-West trade blocks, challenging the efficacy of US trade constraints.
The Implications of Tariffs and Economic Statecraft
The podcast analyzes the implications of tariffs and economic statecraft in the US-China relationship. It examines the impact of tariffs on inflation and trade between the two countries. The podcast suggests that a significant increase in tariffs could turn off trade between the US and China, but the inflationary impact might not be as significant due to offsetting factors. It also discusses the challenges in wielding economic statecraft effectively, with concerns around supply chain complexities and unintended collateral damage.
Back in 2016, Donald Trump campaigned on a platform that included a much harsher stance toward trade with China, and the US-China Trade War was a big deal while he was in office. But the Biden administration has quietly continued the Trump tariff regime and even enacted more stringent restrictions targeting China's use of technology, including on semiconductors. Now that Trump looks set to get the Republican presidential nomination again, he's suggesting even higher tariffs — of 60% or more — on Chinese goods. What effect would that actually have on the US economy and global trade? Would it lead to higher prices for Americans when the country is still struggling with inflation? Or would it result in a slowing of the economy that actually mutes prices? Would US domestic manufacturing ramp up to fill the gap? Or would we simply import more from other countries? In this episode, we speak with Tom Orlik, chief economist at Bloomberg Economics, and Mackenzie Hawkins, US industrial policy reporter for Bloomberg News, who have published an in-depth analysis of the impact of these potential tariffs.