Geologists Jane Francis, Richard Corfield, and Carrie Lear discuss ice ages, the cyclical nature dating back billions of years, the significance of oxygen isotopes in paleoclimatology, sea level changes tracked through coral reef evidence, Antarctica's role in forming ice sheets, the influence of ice ages on human evolution, and reflections on Earth's climate history and future challenges.
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Quick takeaways
Earth has experienced multiple ice ages throughout its history, shaping landscapes and ecosystems, with evidence in geological records.
Factors like carbon dioxide levels and Milankovitch orbital cycles play crucial roles in initiating and sustaining ice ages, affecting Earth's climate over millions of years.
Deep dives
Overview of Ice Ages
The podcast delves into the fascinating topic of ice ages, highlighting that Earth has experienced several ice ages over its history. These ice ages have drastically shaped the planet's landscapes and ecosystems, with evidence found in geological records such as glacial deposits and rock formations.
Understanding Ice Age Terminology
The podcast clarifies misconceptions around the term 'ice age', explaining that the Earth has witnessed multiple ice ages, not just one as previously thought. It distinguishes between major ice house Earth periods conducive to ice growth at the poles and shorter glacial-interglacial cycles occurring over tens to hundreds of thousands of years.
Causes and Effects of Ice Ages
Carbon dioxide levels and factors like Milankovitch orbital cycles play pivotal roles in initiating and sustaining ice ages. The interplay of these factors influences the growth and retreat of ice sheets, ultimately shaping Earth's climate over millions of years.
Climate Change and Human Influence
The podcast discusses the current trajectory of climate change due to human interference, highlighting the unprecedented rise in carbon dioxide levels. Experts predict a shift towards a greenhouse climate, raising concerns about the stability of ice sheets like Greenland and West Antarctica, emphasizing the need for proactive climate interventions.
Jane Francis, Richard Corfield and Carrie Lear join Melvyn Bragg to discuss ice ages, periods when a reduction in the surface temperature of the Earth has resulted in ice sheets at the Poles. Although the term 'ice age' is commonly associated with prehistoric eras when much of northern Europe was covered in ice, we are in fact currently in an ice age which began up to 40 million years ago. Geological evidence indicates that there have been several in the Earth's history, although their precise cause is not known. Ice ages have had profound effects on the geography and biology of our planet.
With:
Jane Francis
Professor of Paleoclimatology at the University of Leeds
Richard Corfield
Visiting Research Fellow in the Department of Earth Sciences at Oxford University
Carrie Lear
Senior Lecturer in Palaeoceanography at Cardiff University.
Producer: Thomas Morris.
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