Know Time #119: Quantum Computing, Complexity Theory, P vs. NP, AI & Consciousness ft. Scott Aaronson
16 snips
Jun 21, 2025 
Scott Aaronson, a leading theoretician in quantum computing from the University of Texas at Austin, dives deep into AI consciousness and the philosophical implications of machine thought. He explores the intricacies of quantum computing and complexity theory, explaining the stark differences between P and NP problems. The discussion also touches on the simulation hypothesis and how proving P equals NP could redefine AI capabilities. Aaronson highlights the challenge of understanding consciousness and creativity in machines, blending technical insights with engaging ideas.
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Turing's Two Questions on Machines
- Turing separated the questions of machines behaving like humans and machines having consciousness.
- Behavior alone doesn't prove consciousness, but no laws of physics prevent machines from thinking like humans.
Physics and Computation
- Physics suggests the universe is mechanistic, governed by computable laws of quantum mechanics.
- Unknown initial conditions might be the only place for non-computational phenomena or free will.
Quantum Computing Basics
- Quantum computing uses quantum mechanics to compute in fundamentally different ways.
- It offers exponential speedup for specific problems but doesn't change what is computable.
