Know Time

Pascal Wallisch, professor of data science, psychology and neural science at New York University, returns in chapter two to talk about psychophysics, Gustav Fechner, stimulus vs. perception, brain diversity, psychopaths, psychedelics, movie preferences, consciousness, linguistics and the Turing Test!Chapter One with Pascal: https://youtu.be/bzFVdg6WjKUPascal: https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/pascal-wallisch.htmlSHOW NOTES:1) 'Energy, Quanta, and Vision' by Hecht, Shlaer and Pirenne: https://www.cns.nyu.edu/csh/csh06/PDFs/Hecht1942.pdf2) Brief overview of inner and outer psychophysics: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11954556/3) Paper on similarity between CNNs and neurons: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18957212/Also attached.4) Elite athletes and visual cortex: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12765616/ &https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1728869X240007895) Paper on acid and other psychedelics and how they change perception: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.1518377113 6) Paper on 10 emotional responses by psychopaths: https://www.foxlabnyu.com/research-projects/psychopathy7) Paper on how 5 seconds is enough when you listen to music: https://online.ucpress.edu/mp/article-abstract/40/3/220/195231/The-Whole-is-Not-Different-From-its-PartsMusic?redirectedFrom=fulltextSUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:28 Entropy3:57 Gustav Fechner8:08 Psychophysics13:18 Fechner’s Law15:59 Stimulus vs. Perception23:32 Brain Diversity27:39 Psychedelics31:26 Psychopaths45:37 Movie Preferences50:28 Horror Movies53:19 Beauty & Neuroaesthetics56:56 Consciousness1:04:39 The Trolley Problem1:14:14 AI Consciousness1:17:59 Linguistics1:27:18 The Turing Test1:31:15 Physics1:36:27 Information Realism1:40:33 Lego Interpretation1:41:27 Advice & Meaning of Life#neuroscience #psychology #science

Norman Finkelstein, historian and author of books like The Holocaust Industry and Gaza: An Inquest Into Its Martyrdom, returns in chapter two to talk about navigating American politics, Donald Trump, Zohran Mamdani, the history of Nazism and Hitler, Benjamin Netanyahu, Israel, the history of Zionism, West Bank, Palestine Liberation Organization, Yasser Arafat and the future of Gaza.Norman: https://www.normanfinkelstein.com/Chapter One with Norman: https://youtu.be/RDQWby8XqGISUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction2:10 The Infinite Loop of American Politics17:05 The Rise of Hitler & Nazism30:26 Can Netanyahu Actually End The War?40:30 History of Zionism1:01:02 Why Do We Need A Jewish State?1:14:12 Zionism (Contd.)1:22:29 History of the West Bank, PLO & Arafat1:31:24 The Future of Gaza1:39:39 Legacy#israel #palestine #gaza

Scott Aaronson, a leading theoretician in quantum computing from the University of Texas at Austin, dives deep into AI consciousness and the philosophical implications of machine thought. He explores the intricacies of quantum computing and complexity theory, explaining the stark differences between P and NP problems. The discussion also touches on the simulation hypothesis and how proving P equals NP could redefine AI capabilities. Aaronson highlights the challenge of understanding consciousness and creativity in machines, blending technical insights with engaging ideas.

Jeffrey Sachs, economist, UN advisor, author and professor at Columbia University, talks about the importance of economics, solving hyperinflation, global world order, United Nations, governance and changes in geopolitics.Jeffrey: https://www.jeffsachs.org/SUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:40 The Importance of Economics9:00 How To Solve Hyperinflation?17:36 Global Governance26:25 A New Mood In Geopolitics35:38 Future & Meaning of Life#geopolitics #economics #politics

Cenk Uygur, founder of The Young Turks, talks about politics, psychology, corruption, corporatism, capitalism, the American political spectrum, the role played by donors and corporations, the effectiveness of the US president, democracy and mainstream media.Cenk: https://tyt.com/homeSUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:49 The Game of Politics & Power18:58 What Makes A Good Politician?23:10 Cenk’s Journey & Motivations36:17 The American Political Spectrum44:42 Money In Politics49:24 Corporatism & Capitalism57:00 How Effective Is The US President In Reality?1:10:24 Can Democracy Work?1:22:51 Mainstream Media in America1:31:41 Progressivism1:39:36 Lego Interpretation1:40:40 Inspirations (Books, Movies, Role Models)1:42:20 Legacy & Meaning of Life#politics #usa #america

Jayati Ghosh, professor of economics at University of Massachusetts Amherst, talks about the purpose of economics, problems with capitalism, problems with foreign aid, IMF & USAID, demonetization in India in 2016, Narendra Modi and feminist economics!Jayati: https://www.umass.edu/economics/about/directory/jayati-ghoshSUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:19 Why Is Economics Important?5:07 Jayati’s Economic Stance7:43 Problems With Capitalism11:04 Taxing The Rich16:37 Aid, IMF & USAID24:59 What Causes A Debt Crisis In A County?38:11 Indian Demonetization of 201648:18 Power51:09 Narendra Modi55:29 Feminist Economics1:04:33 Inspirations, Legacy & Meaning of Life#economics #economy #capitalism

Andrew Strominger, professor of physics at Harvard University, talks about black holes, soft hair, no-hair theorem, holographic principle, anti-de Sitter space, AdS/CFT correspondence, determinism, quantum gravity and string theory.Andrew: https://www.physics.harvard.edu/people/facpages/stromingerSUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:40 The Role of Obsession In Theoretical Physics11:18 Falling In Love With Physics16:31 Black Hole, Event Horizon & Singularity23:00 No-Hair Theorem26:48 Black Hole Information Paradox28:07 Soft Hair38:29 Holographic Principle & Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy44:01 Anti-de Sitter Space & AdS/CFT Correspondence48:31 Information Realism54:55 Determinism1:03:02 Quantum Gravity1:15:08 String Theory1:26:24 Twistor Theory1:28:08 Lego Interpretation1:28:59 Inspirations (Books, Role Models)1:33:29 Mysteries of the Universe, Legacy & Meaning of Life#science #physics #learn

Anurag Ram Chandran, entrepreneur and co-founder of Kubo Care, provides a masterclass on entrepreneurship where we cover: different motivations to become a founder, what are the different funding stages when raising capital, how to calculate valuation and equity dilution, what is venture capital, angel investors, how to stress test an idea, building a team and hiring talent!Anurag: https://www.linkedin.com/in/anuragrc/Kubo Care: https://kubocare.com/SUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction2:49 Motivations To Become An Entrepreneur15:34 What Personality Traits Do Successful Founders Have?22:55 Finding Co-Founders36:10 Idea vs. Team vs. Timing43:10 Stress Testing 51:34 Do You Need Funding From Venture Capital?59:37 Raising Capital 101: Funding Rounds, Valuation, Dilution & Equity1:13:45 How Much Capital Do You Need?1:17:22 Giving Away Equiity1:20:46 Calculating Company Valuation1:24:35 Deciding Your Salary1:28:08 What Do VC Firms Look For?1:30:50 The Problems With Venture Capital1:38:49 Work-Life Balance1:43:32 Attracting Talent1:54:24 Lego Interpretation1:56:29 Advice for Aspiring Entrepreneurs2:02:52 Meaning of Life#entrepreneur #entrepreneurship #startup

Michael Levin, developmental and synthetic biology and professor at Tufts University, talks about the links between computation and biology, bioelectricity, cancer, cognitive light cones, xenobots and regeneration in biology & medicine.Michael: https://drmichaellevin.org/SUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:09 Computation & Biology9:13 Bioelectricity11:57 Why Don’t Robots Get Cancer?19:08 Mind21:31 Cognitive Light Cone24:29 Universal Goal29:59 Bioelectricity (Contd.)33:57 Xenobots40:41 Regenerative Biology48:31 Memories50:54 Legacy & Meaning of Life#biology #science #learn

Sara Seager, astrophysicist, professor at MIT and author of The Smallest Lights In The Universe, talks about exoplanets, biosignatures, the Starshade project, detecting exoplanet atmospheres, the Fermi Paradox and life on Venus.Sara: https://www.saraseager.com/SUPPORT:Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/knowtimeAnchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtime/supportYoutube Membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ-937lA3_s2g5AxdpKQjVg/joinPODCAST:Anchor: https://anchor.fm/knowtimeSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2CjRJPktODLDeHavCNDLGAApple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/know-time/id1535371851?uo=4CONNECT:Youtube: Subscribe!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/knowtimetofly/Instagram (Personal): https://www.instagram.com/shalajlawania/Twitter: https://twitter.com/knowtimetoflyTwitter (Personal): https://twitter.com/shalajlawaniaFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/knowtimetoflyReddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/knowtimetofly/Blog: http://www.sadisticshalpy.com/Producer & Host: Shalaj LawaniaTIMELINE0:00 Introduction1:45 Are We Alone In The Universe?3:51 Falling In Love With The Universe7:23 Exoplanets12:47 Detecting Exoplanets18:05 Starshade Project29:32 The Seager Equation32:40 Exoplanet Atmospheres & Biosignatures39:49 Life on Venus51:06 What Happens When We Find Extraterrestrial Life?54:40 Origins of Life56:46 Detecting Exoplanet Atmospheres59:04 Fermi Paradox1:04:56 Future of Space Exploration1:12:23 Lego Interpretation1:14:30 Inspirations (Books, Movies, Role Models)1:18:11 Mortality, Legacy & Meaning of Life#universe #astrophysics #science