New Books Network Charles G. Thomas, "Ujamaa's Army: The Creation and Evolution of the Tanzania People's Defence Force, 1964-1979" (Ohio UP, 2024)
Jan 8, 2026
Charles G. Thomas, a Professor of strategy and security studies, delves into the compelling evolution of the Tanzania People's Defence Force from its inception in 1964. He discusses the impact of colonial legacies, earlier mutinies, and President Nyerere's priorities prompting military reform. Thomas highlights the regional pressures from Uganda and Mozambique, Tanzania's military acquisitions, and the role of foreign partnerships, particularly with China. He also hints at his upcoming work detailing the Uganda–Tanzania War, offering a glimpse into ongoing geopolitical narratives.
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Rebuilding The Military From First Principles
- Julius Nyerere tore the colonial military model down and asked what an independent Tanzanian military should look like.
- He prioritized creating a force that represented the nation socially and politically, not a colonial martial caste.
Military Was Low On The Early Priority List
- Early TANU leaders deprioritized the military assuming external actors or the UN would deter threats and internal policing could be handled by paramilitaries.
- This neglect left the Tanganyika Rifles under-resourced and reliant on remaining British leadership until 1963–64 shocks changed thinking.
Officer Recounted Sleeping On Cinder Blocks
- Amin Kashmiri recalled sleeping on two boards on a cinder block because military facilities lacked funding after independence.
- The Tanganyika Rifles lived 'in the backyard' while other branches received attention and resources.
