234. Battle of the Boyne: Clash of Two Kings (Ep 2)
Mar 4, 2025
auto_awesome
Professor Jane Ohlmeyer, an expert in Irish history and author of 'Making Empire,' joins the discussion to unpack the Battle of the Boyne's pivotal role in shaping Protestant identity in Ireland. She explores the clash between Catholic King James II and Protestant William of Orange, diving into how this battle influenced European geopolitics and sectarian divides. Ohlmeyer also touches on the legacy of Cromwell's reign in Ireland and the contemporary implications of historical commemoration for peace in the region.
The Restoration period fueled tensions between Irish Catholics and the Protestant establishment, setting the stage for the Battle of the Boyne and its lasting legacy.
The episode highlights the economic significance of alcoholic beverages and tea during British colonial rule, illustrating their intertwined history with social practices and geopolitical dynamics.
Deep dives
The Cultural Significance of Drinks in History
The discussion emphasizes the deep historical connection between various alcoholic beverages and the British Empire, highlighting how drinks like Indian Pale Ale became staples during British colonial rule. Early East India Company members often preferred alcohol over local water due to health concerns, leading to a culture where alcohol consumption was normalized even at breakfast. This historical preference reflects the intricate relationship between social practices and colonialism, showing how the British adapted to their environments while leaving lasting cultural impacts. Additionally, the podcast also touches upon the extraordinary and lucrative history of tea, noting that tea taxes were significant enough to influence trade routes and conflicts, including the Opium Wars.
The Complex Legacy of Oliver Cromwell
The episode delves into the grim legacy of Oliver Cromwell and his impact on Ireland, particularly focusing on his death and how it symbolized the end of his contentious rule. After Cromwell's death from malaria, the discussion shifts to his son, referred to as 'Tumbledown Dick,' who briefly succeeded him before Charles II's restoration. The restoration period brings a complicated land settlement in Ireland, igniting strife between Cromwellian supporters and Irish Catholics seeking to reclaim their lands after their loyalty during the Civil War. This contentious backdrop sets the stage for underlying tensions that shaped future Protestant-Catholic relations in Ireland.
The Glorious Revolution and Its Catastrophic Consequences
The podcast explores the dynamics surrounding the Glorious Revolution, where William of Orange was invited to assume the throne, setting up a Protestant army against the Jacobite forces loyal to James II. As James fled to Ireland, the episode highlights the sectarian tensions that this conflict exacerbated, particularly during the pivotal Battle of the Boyne. The battle's outcome, though seemingly straightforward, had long-term implications for Irish identity and its Protestant population, resonating in celebrations and societal remembrance decades later. The aftermath proved catastrophic for Catholics, leading to severe restrictions and a long-lasting narrative of division in Irish history.
The Impact of Catholic Emigration and Penal Laws
The discussion on the Treaty of Limerick reveals how initial concessions to Jacobites quickly unraveled, leading to harsh penal laws that further marginalized the Catholic population in Ireland. These laws, which stripped Catholics of their rights to own land, practice freely, and maintain their roles in society, played a fundamental role in shaping sectarian violence and tension for centuries. The episode recounts how many Catholics chose to leave Ireland and serve in foreign armies, most notably becoming known as the 'wild geese', which signifies their complex legacy of loyalty and diaspora. This diaspora continued to ripple into global conflicts, including Ireland's involvement in colonial pursuits outside Europe.
The Restoration reinstates the monarchy in England, Scotland & Ireland, and Irish Catholics believe that they will get their lands back for their loyalty to the king. And when the openly Catholic King James II succeeds his older brother, they are even more hopeful. But English Protestants fear that his reign will lead to a Catholic dynasty, and invite the Dutch William of Orange to take the throne.
James II flees to France and gathers troops to back his cause. He arrives on the coast of Ireland in 1689 to reclaim his crown. When news of this reaches Parliament, William of Orange heads to Ireland to meet his enemy on the battlefield. In the Boyne Valley near Dublin, the two kings clash in a battle that continues to be memorialised in Ireland today. But was it that militarily important? And how did the Battle of the Boyne play into the chessboard of European geopolitics?
Listen as Anita and William are joined once again by Professor Jane Ohlmeyer to discuss how the Battle of the Boyne shaped Protestant identity in Ireland.
_____________
Empire UK Live Tour: The podcast is going on a UK tour! William and Anita will be live on stage in Glasgow, Birmingham, York and Bristol, discussing how the British Empire continues to shape our everyday lives. Tickets are on sale NOW, to buy yours head to empirepoduk.com.
Empire Club: Become a member of the Empire Club to receive early access to miniseries, ad-free listening, early access to live show tickets, bonus episodes, book discounts, and a weekly newsletter! Head to empirepoduk.com to sign up.