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Aztec Ethics and the Tonalamatl with James Maffie
Sep 6, 2024
James Maffie, a principal lecturer at the University of Maryland, dives into the fascinating world of Aztec ethics and the Tonalamatl, a 260-day ritual calendar that shapes moral decision-making. He discusses how maize symbolizes life and identity within Aztec culture, contrasting indigenous beliefs and Western perceptions. Maffie also explores the interconnectedness of ethics and reciprocity, highlighting the communal obligations central to Aztec philosophy. Lastly, he challenges anthropocentric views, illuminating the respectful relationship between humanity and nature in indigenous thought.
01:03:00
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Quick takeaways
- The Tonalamat is central to Aztec decision-making, embodying unique daily energies that guide choices rather than deterministically dictate them.
- Aztec morality revolves around reciprocity, emphasizing relational dynamics and community obligations over strict ethical codes or rules.
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Understanding the Tonalamat
The Tonalamat is a significant aspect of Aztec philosophy, based on a 260-day ritual calendar that plays a crucial role in decision-making. It reflects the idea that every day presents a unique energy, termed tonali, which is influenced by the sun's emissions. This concept is somewhat akin to astrology, yet the Aztecs viewed these energies as not being deterministically binding but rather as qualitative influences that could guide individuals in their choices. The diviner, or tonal poki, interacts with this calendar to ascertain the best times for actions like marriage or warfare, emphasizing practical outcomes rather than ethical judgments.
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