
Science Friday Have Astrophysicists Spotted Evidence For ‘Dark Stars’?
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Oct 20, 2025 Dr. Katherine Freese, a theoretical astrophysicist from the University of Texas at Austin, explores the controversial concept of 'dark stars,' which may have existed in the early universe. These massive stars, powered by self-annihilating dark matter, could outshine current stars. Dr. Cosmin Ilie discusses how the James Webb Space Telescope has captured potential evidence through observations of 'red dots' and critical helium absorption features. The conversation dives into how these dark stars could seed supermassive black holes and challenge existing theories of star formation.
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Dark Stars Powered By Dark Matter
- Dark stars could form from primordial hydrogen and helium but be powered by dark matter annihilation instead of fusion.
- They may grow to ~1,000,000 solar masses and shine a billion times brighter than the Sun.
Candidates Look Like Red, Compact Objects
- The candidate objects appear as compact, red, very luminous dots that could alternatively be interpreted as unusually dense young galaxies.
- Cosmin Ilie argues dark stars can mimic galaxy signatures in both photometry and spectroscopy.
Helium-1640 As A Smoking-Gun Signature
- A specific helium absorption line (He II 1640) is predicted as a diagnostic for dark stars.
- Katherine Freese calls the He II 1640 line a "smoking gun" that would distinguish dark stars from early galaxies.
