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The podcast episode features a live recording from an event hosted by the Edmund Hillary Fellowship (EHF), discussing the organization's growth from a pilot immigration program to a fellowship of over 500 technologists, creatives, investors, and more. The EHF operates in New Zealand and boasts a diverse group of fellows from over 50 nationalities across various high-value sectors, aiming to create global impact projects rooted in New Zealand.
Dr. Suresh, an associate professor at the University of Auckland, leads the Auckland Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group and focuses on understanding how therapies impact brain function, particularly in depression. His work involves clinical trials with ketamine and other compounds to measure brain and cognitive function changes. Through research, they explore the effects and mechanisms behind different treatments and their impact on mental health.
The discussion delves into the unique pharmacological properties of ketamine and classical psychedelics like LSD and psilocybin. Ketamine primarily interacts with the glutamate neurotransmitter system, affecting neuroplasticity and various receptors in the brain. In contrast, classical psychedelics mainly target the serotonin 2A receptor, leading to psychedelic experiences. Dr. Suresh highlights the complexities of ketamine's receptor interactions and its potential for rapid antidepressant effects compared to classical psychedelics.
The podcast explores the complexities and challenges of conducting psychedelic research, especially in clinical trials. Issues such as the difficulty in blinding placebo controls for psychedelic studies, variability in individual response to substances like LSD microdosing, and the necessity of deconstructing interventions for a deeper understanding. Dr. Suresh emphasizes the need for rigorous methodology and ongoing exploration to unlock the full potential and therapeutic implications of psychedelics.
Government support plays a crucial role in accelerating mental health research. The lack of foundational advocacy and signals from funders hinder progress in this field. By applying pressure on the government and garnering their attention, advancements can be expedited. Government involvement can position countries as leaders in mental health research, leading to significant societal payoffs.
Microdosing and psychedelic therapy pose risks, especially for individuals with conditions like bipolar disorder or schizophrenia. Caution is advised due to potential safety concerns, including triggering psychosis or psychological distress. Ensuring purity of supply and proper dosing is essential, as misuse or incorrect dosing can have severe consequences. Legal ramifications and the need for precise dosing underscore the importance of supervision and responsible use in these therapies.
Dr. Suresh Muthukumaraswamy — LSD Microdosing, Classical Psychedelics vs. Ketamine, Science and Speed in New Zealand, Placebo Options, and The Infinite Possibilities of Studying Mind-Altering Compounds
Dr. Suresh Muthukumaraswamy completed his PhD in Psychology at the University of Auckland in 2005 after which he joined the newly established Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre as a postdoctoral fellow. While at Cardiff, he started research work with psychedelics in 2011 in collaboration with Professor David Nutt and Dr. Robin Carhart-Harris investigating the neuroimaging correlates of the psychedelic drugs psilocybin and LSD. In 2014, Suresh received a prestigious Rutherford Discovery Fellowship and returned to the University of Auckland where he works in the School of Pharmacy at the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences and leads the Auckland Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group.
Suresh’s main research interests are in understanding how therapies alter brain function and behavior and in testing methodologies to measure these changes in both healthy individuals and patient groups — particularly in depressed patients.
At the University of Auckland, he has conducted clinical trials in depressed patients involving ketamine, scopolamine, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. He has received several Health Research Council of New Zealand research grants to support this work, including a grant to investigate the effects of microdoses of LSD on brain and cognitive function. Suresh has published 117 papers, with his work receiving 8000+ citations.
This special episode of the podcast is a live recording from an event hosted by the Edmund Hillary Fellowship (EHF). EHF began in 2016 as a pilot immigration program and has matured into a fellowship of more than 500 technologists, creatives, investors, entrepreneurs, educators, and systems designers, committed to New Zealand as a base camp for global impact. From more than 50 different nationalities, including New Zealand, fellows span a range of high-value sectors: media, education, cleantech, venture capital, and mental health initiatives/research just to name a few.
EHF and its fellows aim to make a meaningful impact in New Zealand/Aotearoa with projects that often have global applications.
Please enjoy!
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[03:44] Current mental health and addiction trend lines in New Zealand.
[05:37] Compounds Suresh has researched.
[07:13] Does scopolamine have potential as an antidepressant?
[09:55] How ketamine differs from other psychedelics.
[16:20] The durability of antidepressant effects.
[21:45] How Suresh picks the focus of his research (example: LSD microdosing).
[24:43] Why New Zealand is unique for fostering psychedelic innovation.
[31:01] How could New Zealand improve the impact of scientific research?
[35:13] Inspiring research currently underway in New Zealand.
[37:40] Obstacles to getting ketamine labeled as an antidepressant.
[40:39] Ketamine research by University of Otago’s Professor Paul Glue.
[41:48] Future studies Suresh would like to see (and their challenges).
[47:25] The difficulty of applying placebo controls to psychedelic research.
[54:49] Getting the public to benefit from this research in a timely manner.
[58:17] Risks of microdosing and relying on unregulated supplies.
[1:02:21] Open science replication crises.
[1:03:56] Training clinical personnel in new science as it becomes available.
[1:07:20] Where can New Zealanders access psychedelic therapy now?
[1:08:25] Avoiding another 50 years of psychedelic research darkness.
[1:13:08] Is any of Suresh’s research focused on addiction recovery?
[1:14:08] Why women haven’t been as widely included in these studies as men.
[1:15:56] Where aspiring psychedelic researchers should focus their education.
[1:17:02] Red flags in the private sector.
[1:20:14] Parting thoughts.
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