HPI 37 - The Whole Story - Vaisesika on Complexity and Causation
Mar 5, 2017
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The podcast explores the Vaiśeṣika response to Buddhist skepticism about wholes. It discusses the debate between Vyshechikov philosopher Kanada and Buddhist philosophers on the nature of objects. The chapter also explores examples of causation in ancient Indian philosophy, the concept of substrate cause, and Dharmakirti's argument against temporal parts.
Vyshechikov philosophers argue for the reality of complex objects or 'holes' that exist beyond their individual parts.
They propose the concept of 'inherence' where a hole is inseparable from its parts and depends on them for its existence, contributing to their theory of causation.
Deep dives
Coherence and Structure in Film and Everyday Objects
Coherence and structure are essential for creating meaningful and engaging experiences, whether in films or everyday objects. A film like Chariots of Fire becomes a classic not just because of individual parts, but because of its well-structured narrative and compelling characters. Similarly, objects like chariots or books go beyond their individual components to become more than the sum of their parts. The Vyshechikov philosopher Kanada argues that there is a metaphysical reality to complex things or 'holes' that exist over and above their parts. However, Buddhist philosophers challenge this view, suggesting that objects are fabrications of the mind and that there is no enduring self. The Vyshechikovs defend the reality of holes by arguing that there is a qualitative difference between a hole and a random collection of unrelated things. While the debate continues, Vyshechikov philosophy upholds everyday assumptions and the importance of coherence in our experiences.
The Nature of Holes and the Vyshechikov Response
Vyshechikov philosophers believe that holes, such as chariots or books, have their own reality beyond their component parts. They propose the concept of 'inherence', where a hole is inseparable from its parts and depends on them for its existence. The idea of parts as substrate causes or inherence causes plays a role in their theory of causation. While Buddhist philosophers argue against the existence of holes, the Vyshechikovs distinguish between pervasive and non-pervasive properties of objects. They claim that a hole may or may not share properties with its parts, and that holes can have properties absent in their parts. The intricacies of this debate reveal the Vyshechikovs' commitment to defending common sense and the reality of everyday objects.
The Vyshechikov School and its Influence on Metaphysics and Physics
The Vyshechikov school of thought not only delves into metaphysics but also touches upon physics. Kanada's atomistic ideas contribute to the understanding of physical sciences. The philosophy explores fundamental concepts like space and time. Through their classification and understanding of reality, the Vyshechikovs propose a coherent system that goes beyond the sum of its parts. Their theories are aimed at upholding the reliability of everyday inferences and exploring the nature of reality itself.