In this episode, Tracy Alloway and Joe Weisenthal interview Richard Robb, a former interest rate trader. Robb discusses the origins and manipulation of LIBOR, the rise of LIBOR as the standard rate, motivations and methods of manipulating LIBOR, and uncovering the manipulation through embarrassing email exchanges. They also touch on the systemic complacency in the LIBOR survey and the move towards a reference rate based on actual transactions.
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Quick takeaways
LIBOR is a widely used reference rate tied to trillions of dollars worth of financial assets, but it has faced issues with manipulation and lack of transparency.
Efforts are being made to transition away from LIBOR to more robust and transparent reference rates based on actual transactions.
Deep dives
Overview of LIBOR and its importance in financial markets
LIBOR, the London Interbank Offered Rate, is a reference rate that governs trillions of dollars worth of asset prices. It is used to price bonds, loans, and other financial instruments in the market. However, LIBOR is in a state of transition as efforts are being made to move away from this reference rate. The significance of LIBOR lies in its widespread use and its impact on various industries, particularly the credit market.
Concerns and issues with LIBOR
There have been concerns and issues with LIBOR, including allegations of manipulation and the lack of transparency in its determination. Banks, in some instances, manipulated LIBOR for their advantage, either to adjust the rate slightly to benefit their trades or to disguise their funding weaknesses. The self-reporting nature of LIBOR allowed for potential manipulation and raised questions about the accuracy and reliability of the rate. The scandals surrounding LIBOR have highlighted the need for a transition to more robust and transparent reference rates.
Transitioning away from LIBOR
The move away from LIBOR involves transitioning to alternative reference rates based on actual transactions, rather than self-reported rates. In the United States, the transition is being made to SOFR (Secured Overnight Financing Rate), which is an overnight rate based on actual repo transactions reported to the Federal Reserve. Other countries, such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and several European countries, have already made the transition to alternative rates. The transition process involves establishing new contracts and converting legacy contracts tied to LIBOR to the new reference rates.
The future of LIBOR
The future of LIBOR is uncertain as efforts continue to replace it with more reliable and transaction-based reference rates. The transition to alternative rates aims to address the issues and concerns associated with LIBOR, particularly those related to manipulation and lack of transparency. The move towards more robust and transparent reference rates will help ensure the stability and integrity of financial markets.
Welcome to the Odd Lots LIBOR series, in which Tracy Alloway and Joe Weisenthal take a look at life after LIBOR, the interest rate tied to more than $350 trillion worth of financial assets.
On the first episode in our LIBOR series, we speak with Richard Robb, a former interest rate trader who was one of the first to warn about potential manipulation of the Libor rate to which trillions of dollars worth of financial assets are tied. Robb, who’s now CEO of the hedge fund Christofferson, Robb & Company and teaches at Columbia University, warned of problems in the interest rate as early as the mid-1990s. He also had a front-row seat to witness the benchmark’s downfall after the 2008 financial crisis. He talks about what went wrong.