Daniel and Kelly’s Extraordinary Universe cover image

Daniel and Kelly’s Extraordinary Universe

How does consciousness emerge?

Mar 27, 2025
In this engaging discussion, Prof. Megan Peters, Associate Professor of Cognitive Science at UC Irvine, dives into the enigmatic world of consciousness. She explores how our brain handles uncertainty and the practical implications for both humans and non-human animals. The conversation turns philosophical, considering the possibility of living in a simulation and pondering the consciousness of octopuses. With humor and insight, they discuss access versus phenomenal consciousness, challenging listeners to rethink what it means to be aware.
01:07:41

Episode guests

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Quick takeaways

  • Consciousness is categorized into access and phenomenal consciousness, affecting how organisms interact with their environment and experience feelings.
  • Science offers models for understanding consciousness but cannot fully capture its subjective essence, highlighting the need for philosophical inquiry.

Deep dives

Exploring Consciousness and its Definitions

Consciousness is fundamentally about subjective experience, which can be classified into access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness. Access consciousness pertains to the global availability of information within a cognitive system, enabling organisms to respond to their environment and engage with goals effectively. In contrast, phenomenal consciousness refers to the qualitative experiences, or the 'what it's like' aspect of being aware, integral to feelings such as pain or pleasure. Distinguishing between these two types of consciousness is crucial for discussing the nature of conscious experience across different organisms, including humans, animals, and even potential artificial intelligences.

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