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Focusing our visual attention on a particular point beyond our immediate personal space activates neural circuits that increase our readiness for action. This can be harnessed to pursue and achieve goals effectively. By narrowing our visual focus on a specific location, we activate a neural pathway that enhances our cognitive attention and increases our willingness to move forward in pursuit of our goals. Research has shown that this visual tool can be applied to various types of goals, whether they are related to physical exercise or cognitive work. By simply focusing our visual attention for 30 to 60 seconds on a single point, we activate neural circuits that prepare our brain and body for action, allowing us to pursue our goals with less perceived effort and increased efficiency.
Our ability to toggle between focusing on our personal space and the external world is crucial for effective goal pursuit. By directing our visual attention to a specific location outside ourselves, we activate physiological changes that facilitate readiness and action. This visual focus increases the systolic blood pressure, releases neurotransmitters associated with increased arousal and prepares our brain and body for the pursuit of goals. Conversely, a broad visual focus reduces goal-directed behavior and decreases systolic blood pressure. By understanding and harnessing this connection between visual attention and goal pursuit, we can optimize our ability to set and achieve our goals.
Visual attention can also be used to enhance motivation and persistence in pursuing long-term goals. Studies have shown that narrowing our visual focus on a specific point can increase our commitment to future-oriented goals, such as saving money for retirement. By focusing our attention on the distant future and visualizing our older selves or imagining the rewards of achieving long-term goals, we can strengthen our motivation and overcome the tendency for delayed discounting, where distant goals lose their perceived value. This tool can be effective in various domains, allowing us to stay focused on our long-term objectives and make decisions that align with our future goals.
To optimize goal pursuit, we can employ visual attention techniques that involve focusing our gaze on a specific external point beyond our personal space. By implementing this practice, we activate neural circuits that promote readiness and action, enhancing our cognitive attention and increasing our efficiency in pursuing our goals. This technique can be used for various types of goals, including physical exercise, cognitive work, and long-term planning. By harnessing the power of our visual attention, we can align our focus with our goals and enhance our ability to set, pursue, and achieve them effectively.
Visualizing our future self and perceiving our future goals can bridge the gap between our present experiences and long-term aspirations. This visual perception of the future helps anchor our motivation and goal-directed systems, enabling us to undertake actions that may not seem immediately beneficial. Studies have shown that perceiving failure can be more effective than visualizing success in maintaining pursuit of long-term goals, as it generates motivation and anxiety to avoid potential negative outcomes. By leveraging our visual system and directing attention towards specific points in space, we can enhance motivation and achieve our desired goals.
It is crucial to set goals that are moderately challenging but realistic, rather than those that are either too easy or too lofty. Research suggests that goals which are too easy fail to recruit the necessary autonomic nervous system response, resulting in limited motivation to achieve them. Goals that are too difficult can overwhelm the system, reducing motivation. By setting goals that are just beyond our immediate abilities and require significant effort, we double the systolic blood pressure response and increase the likelihood of successfully pursuing and achieving those goals.
Foreseeing potential failures and negative consequences can be highly motivating in pursuing our goals. Imagining the ways in which things could go wrong prompts effective goal-directed behavior. However, constantly visualizing success or the big win can be counterproductive. Concrete planning, focusing on specific action steps towards a goal, is crucial for success. By identifying and upholding a concrete plan, we can increase the probability of achieving our goals and maintaining ongoing action.
Leveraging our visual system plays a vital role in goal pursuit. By focusing our visual attention on specific locations in space, we engage and activate goal-directed systems. Moving from internal focus to external focus using visual stations or horizons can help us carve up time differently and better align with long-term goal setting. Additionally, by practicing space-time bridging, where the visual attention shifts between internal and external points, we can effectively enhance motivation, attention, and reward systems, ultimately aiding in achieving our goals.
In this episode, I discuss the science of setting, assessing, and pursuing goals. I explain the neural (brain) circuits that underlie goal setting and pursuit. Then I describe nine science-supported tools anyone can apply toward their goals. I explain when and how to use goal visualization, when to use multitasking and how to use specific rewards to improve the likelihood of reaching your goals. I also explain why envisioning failures and their consequences are effective and how to set goals of the appropriate level of challenge. I also explain how the molecule dopamine is used to gauge our progress toward milestones and long-term overarching goals and how to leverage dopamine for goal pursuit. Finally, I explain a unique tool called 'space-time bridging' that can be used to support all aspects of goal setting, assessment, and pursuit. This episode ought to be useful for anyone seeking to improve their performance in work, school, exercise, athletics, or personal development.
For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.
AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman
LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman
https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman
(00:00:00) The Neuroscience of Goals
(00:01:56) Tool 1: Learn Fast(er) by the 85% Rule
(00:06:18) Sponsors: AG1, LMNT
(00:13:55) Brain Circuits for Setting & Pursuing Goals
(00:21:52) Determining the Value of Goals
(00:24:33) Psychology of Goal Setting: Assessing Value, Action Steps
(00:30:29) Peripersonal Space vs. Extrapersonal Space
(00:35:39) Visually Focusing on a Goal Line Improves Performance
(00:43:50) How Vision Improves Performance: Blood Pressure
(00:51:55) Tool 2: Use Focal Vision to Initiate Goal Pursuit
(00:54:40) Tool 3: Use Aged Self-Images to Self-Motivate
(00:59:33) Tool 4: Visualization of Goals is Only Helpful at the Start
(01:02:05) Tool 5: Visualizing Failure is the Best Ongoing Motivator
(01:07:26) Tool 6: Make Goals Moderately Lofty
(01:13:05) Tool 7: Avoid Goal Distraction; Focus on 1-2 Major Goals Per Year
(01:15:57) Tool 8: Ensure Specificity of Goals, Weekly Assessment
(01:19:57) Dopamine, Motivation & Pleasure in Seeking Goals
(01:22:43) Dopamine Reward Prediction Error, Controlling Dopamine
(01:34:26) How Dopamine Influences Vision & Vice Versa
(01:38:10) Interim Summary of Goal-Pursuit Steps
(01:39:50) Tool 9: Space-Time Bridging
(01:49:59) Summary
(01:51:50) Subscribe, Sponsors, Supplements, Instagram, Twitter, Newsletter
Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac
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