In Our Time The Second Barons' War
May 6, 2021
David Carpenter, a medieval history expert from King’s College London, joins Louise Wilkinson and Sophie Thérèse Ambler, both renowned scholars in medieval studies, to discuss the turbulent Second Barons' War. They delve into Simon de Montfort's rise, his influential reforms for parliamentary representation, and the dark side of his legacy, including violent anti-Semitism. The conversation highlights pivotal events like the Provisions of Oxford and the Battle of Evesham, exploring how personal feuds and political strife shaped England's governance and social landscape.
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The Blood Libel
- The blood libel, accusing Jews of ritualistic murder, gained traction after Henry III endorsed it.
- Following the alleged murder of a child in Lincoln, Henry III sanctioned the execution of 18 Jews.
Father of the House of Commons
- Simon de Montfort is called the "Father of the House of Commons" because his 1265 parliament included county and town representatives.
- This broadened representation likely stemmed from Montfort's declining magnate support and his populist approach.
Alienation of the Barons
- Simon de Montfort alienated powerful barons with his domineering personality and radical regime.
- Many barons found his self-righteousness intolerable and preferred Henry III's rule.