Learn how mysterious illnesses are identified and investigated, including the outbreak of anthrax in Uganda. Discover the power of the ProMed network in detecting and reporting global disease outbreaks. Explore the impact of unfiltered air from rush-hour traffic on blood pressure. Understand how a new method can analyze the aging of organs in humans, predicting disease risk and the effects of aging.
Disease surveillance networks like ProMed play a crucial role in detecting and reporting outbreaks early, helping to mobilize resources and prevent the spread of diseases.
Exposure to air pollution, especially during heavy traffic, can significantly impact blood pressure, highlighting the importance of reducing exposure and using car ventilation systems with air filters.
Deep dives
Anthrax Outbreak in Uganda
An outbreak of anthrax has been confirmed in Uganda, causing the deaths of 17 people. Anthrax is a rare bacterial disease that spreads from animals to humans, often through the consumption of contaminated meat. It can be serious and even fatal, with symptoms including swelling, pain, and difficulty breathing. The disease is preventable through vaccinations, but many African countries do not vaccinate against anthrax, leading to continued outbreaks. Disease surveillance networks like ProMed play a crucial role in detecting and reporting outbreaks early, helping to mobilize resources and prevent the spread of diseases.
Air Pollution and Blood Pressure
A study conducted by the University of Washington found that exposure to air pollution, especially during heavy traffic, can have a significant impact on blood pressure. Participants in the study experienced an average increase of 4.8 millimeters of mercury in their blood pressure within an hour of being exposed to air pollution. Even after 24 hours, the blood pressure remained elevated in the group exposed to unfiltered air. This research adds to the growing evidence linking air pollution to adverse health effects, highlighting the importance of taking measures to reduce exposure, such as using car ventilation systems with air filters.
Sequencing Genomes and Personalized Medicine
UK Biobank, a large medical database, has recently unveiled the world's first sequencing of half a million genomes. This wealth of genomic information, combined with other health and lifestyle data collected over 15 years, provides valuable insights into genetic causes of diseases, metabolic traits, and future disease risks. Studying the genomes of diverse populations will help researchers understand regional-specific genetic variations that impact disease risk and treatment response. The availability of large-scale genomic data, like that provided by UK Biobank, enables advancements in personalized medicine, leading to better disease prevention, drug development, and targeted interventions.
On Health Check we often cover the outbreak of a mystery illness or unusual health event that has occurred somewhere across the globe. But how do we know when these illnesses are serious and how are they identified and investigated? Claudia Hammond speaks to Dr. Jarod Hanson from the Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases (ProMED) about how they scan and review information related to global health security. This follows news about an outbreak of anthrax in the Kyotera district of Uganda. We hear from those who have been affected.
Claudia is joined by BBC health reporter, Dr. Smitha Mundasad. They discuss the news that the UK Biobank has unveiled unparalleled new data from whole genome sequencing of its half a million participants. They hear from Dr. Maik Pietzner about why this data is so important for genetic research – his research into the cause of Raynaud's phenomenon was possible because of the data.
New research from the University of Washington has looked at how unfiltered air from rush-hour traffic significantly increases passengers’ blood pressure, both while in the car and up to 24 hours later. And a new paper released in the journal Nature suggests that a new method to analyse the ageing of organs in humans may allow us to better predict disease risk and the effects of ageing.
Presenter: Claudia Hammond
Producer: Clare Salisbury
Assistant Producer: Jonathan Blackwell
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