Understanding Quantum Computers

Quantum computers operate on principles distinct from classical computers, leveraging the laws of quantum mechanics to perform computations. Classical computers process data as bits, which represent either a zero or one; however, quantum computers use qubits that can represent both values simultaneously due to superposition. This capability significantly enhances the complexity and potential power of calculations, allowing for operations that exceed the number of atoms in the universe even with a limited number of bits. The differences in construction, such as utilizing superconductors at very low temperatures, further facilitate these unique computational abilities.