History Extra podcast Kublai Khan: ruler of the waves
Dec 4, 2024
In a captivating discussion, historian and author Jack Weatherford explores the remarkable journey of Kublai Khan, who transformed from a nomadic leader into a formidable naval ruler. He delves into Kublai's strategic innovations during his conquest of China and the challenges faced against the Southern Song Dynasty. Weatherford highlights Kublai's unique blend of Mongol and Chinese cultures, his role in unifying an empire, and the lasting impact he had on maritime trade, shaping both Asian and European histories.
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Genghis Khan's China Raids
- Genghis Khan's raids into China started around 1209, initially focused on raiding and trading.
- After the Jin Dynasty broke a promise, Genghis Khan returned, conquered Beijing, and his daughter-in-law gave birth to Kublai Khan.
Kublai Khan's Unexpected Rise
- Kublai Khan was not expected to rise to power, being a younger son and less "Mongol" in appearance.
- His mother, Sorokhtani, recognized his talents and provided him with a diverse education, focusing on Chinese bureaucracy.
Aju's Naval Innovation
- Aju, grandson of a great Mongol general, learned a crucial lesson about naval warfare during the conquest of Vietnam.
- He observed the vulnerability of Chinese cities on the waterside and proposed using trebuchets mounted on boats.
