Race, Madness & the Complex History of a Jim Crow Asylum

What can the history of a Jim Crow–era mental asylum teach us about race and mental health today? MSNBC journalist Antonia Hylton joins Gabe Howard to discuss her powerful book “Madness: Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum,” a deeply researched look at Crownsville Hospital, once known as The Hospital for the Negro Insane.
Antonia reveals how Black patients were forced to build their own hospital, how racism shaped their psychiatric care, and how hope slowly emerged amid cruelty and neglect. But this isn’t a simple story of heroes and villains. As Antonia emphasizes, Black people aren’t always the heroes, and white people aren’t always the villains at Crownsville Hospital. The truth is far more complex and human.

Listener takeaways:

• why Crownsville’s story defies easy labels of good versus evil
• how racism shaped early psychiatric institutions
• how history still shapes modern mental health care

Blending history, personal family stories, and modern mental health advocacy, Antonia and Gabe explore how Crownsville’s legacy still influences the modern mental health care we see today. This conversation is both haunting and hopeful, reminding us that healing requires courage, empathy, and an honest look at our past.

“​​The other myth I want to dispel is that it's a black and white book where all the heroes are black and all the villains are white. This is a story where there are incredible and incredibly complicated people on all sides of it. And to me, that is the American story, that there are certainly the people who held on to the Confederate and antebellum attitudes and brought that to the hospital. But then there are people like Paul Lurz, who is a white man still alive, living in Anne Arundel County to this day, who dedicated 40 years of his life to saving and supporting children at this hospital. Black children, and who is beloved and adored in that community.” ~Antonia Hylton

Our guest, Antonia Hylton, is a Peabody and Emmy-award-winning journalist, co-anchor of MSNBC / Weekend Primetime, and the co-host of the hit podcast Southlake and Grapevine. She graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University, where she received prizes for her investigative research on race, mass incarceration, and the history of psychiatry.

MSNBC journalist Antonia Hylton is the author of “Madness: Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum,” a deeply researched look at Crownsville Hospital, once known as The Hospital for the Negro Insane.

Our host, Gabe Howard, is an award-winning writer and speaker who lives with bipolar disorder. He is the author of the popular book, "Mental Illness is an Asshole and other Observations," available from Amazon; signed copies are also available directly from the author. Gabe is also the host of the "Inside Bipolar" podcast with Dr. Nicole Washington.

Gabe makes his home in the suburbs of Columbus, Ohio. He lives with his supportive wife, Kendall, and a Miniature Schnauzer dog that he never wanted, but now can’t imagine life without. To book Gabe for your next event or learn more about him, please visit gabehoward.com.

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