The Demise of U.S.A.I.D. — and American Soft Power
Feb 11, 2025
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Michael Crowley covers U.S. foreign policy and is joined by global health reporter Stephanie Nolen. They dive into the controversial dismantling of U.S.A.I.D. by the Trump administration, exploring its historical significance in American soft power. The conversation highlights the agency's successes and failures and underscores the dire consequences for global health initiatives and international relationships. They emphasize the growing influence of adversaries like China amid America's decreasing aid capabilities, raising alarms about the future of American humanitarian efforts.
The establishment of USAID in 1961 aimed to counter Soviet influence through strategic foreign aid, promoting American ideals globally.
The recent dismantling of USAID under President Trump risks undermining American soft power and allows rival nations to expand their influence.
Deep dives
The Foundation and Purpose of USAID
USAID was established in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy as a strategic response to Cold War dynamics, aiming to promote American influence and national security rather than purely humanitarian interests. Kennedy viewed foreign aid as essential for countering the Soviet Union's appeal in developing nations, believing that demonstrating American altruism would foster goodwill and deter countries from turning toward communism. As a result, USAID’s initiatives included building infrastructure, providing education, and bolstering economic development to encourage non-communist ideologies. This foundation set the stage for a bipartisan acceptance of USAID's role in American foreign policy for decades.
USAID’s Impact on Health and Stability
Approximately one-third of USAID’s budget is dedicated to healthcare, significantly contributing to global health initiatives such as the emergency AIDS response program launched by President George W. Bush. This initiative has successfully provided life-saving medication to millions and helped significantly reduce HIV-related deaths, showcasing the agency's effectiveness in creating stable societies. Furthermore, programs like the President’s Malaria Initiative have made substantial strides in reducing malaria-related mortality through preventative measures and treatments. These healthcare efforts not only improve individual lives but also foster economic stability in partner countries, reinforcing the notion that aid can yield benefits for both recipients and the U.S.
The Dismantling of USAID and Its Consequences
The recent rapid dismantling of USAID under President Trump has raised significant concerns regarding American soft power and international relationships. This abrupt termination of aid programs has created mistrust among communities that have relied on U.S. support for medical and economic assistance, as exemplified by the halted HIV research projects in South Africa. Critics argue that the elimination of USAID signals a return to a hard power approach in foreign policy, potentially allowing rival nations like China to increase their influence in regions previously supported by American aid. As such, the administration's actions may not only undermine the progress made through decades of investment in foreign aid but also jeopardize U.S. interests in a global landscape increasingly competitive for influence.
As President Trump demolishes the government’s biggest provider of foreign aid, the United States Agency for International Development, he is ending a 60-year bipartisan consensus about the best way to keep America safe from its enemies.
Michael Crowley, who covers U.S. foreign policy, and Stephanie Nolen, a global health reporter for The New York Times, discuss the rise and fall of U.S.A.I.D. — and American soft power.
Guests: Michael Crowley, a reporter covering the State Department and U.S. foreign policy for The New York Times; and Stephanie Nolen, a global health reporter for The New York Times.
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