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Empire

49. The Dawn of Everything

May 4, 2023
David Wengrow, an esteemed archaeologist and anthropologist, delves into the complexities of ancient societies and the roots of slavery in conversation with the hosts. He challenges conventional beliefs about hierarchy, suggesting prior egalitarian cultures existed even before agriculture. Wengrow unveils fascinating findings from archaeological sites, like the comfort of pyramid builders, and sheds light on the intricate labor dynamics of ancient Egypt. His insights weave a rich tapestry, questioning what we think we know about history and social structures.
57:22

Episode guests

Podcast summary created with Snipd AI

Quick takeaways

  • Early societies developed political structures without resorting to the worst excesses of inequality and slavery.
  • The construction of the Egyptian pyramids involved a combination of free and unfree labor, challenging the notion of slavery.

Deep dives

Slavery at the beginnings of human existence

The podcast episode focuses on slavery at the very beginnings of human existence, exploring the nature of early societies and their political organization. The episode challenges the conventional narrative that attributes the rise of civilization to the exploitation of the masses by elites, including the presence of slavery. It highlights that hunter-gatherer societies developed various political structures before the advent of agriculture, proving that the conventional story is largely inaccurate. The evidence suggests that the shift towards civilization and hierarchy does not necessarily entail the amplification of negative human instincts, such as enslaving others. The episode showcases examples of early societies that flourished and achieved prosperity without resorting to the worst excesses of inequality and slavery.

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