Lawfare Daily: External Powers Competition in Africa: Aid, Security, Tech—and African Agency

Katsiaryna Shmatsina, Eurasia Fellow at Lawfare, is joined by Beverly Ochieng, senior security analyst at Control Risks and non-resident expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), to examine how external powers compete for influence in Africa—and how African states are responding.

They discuss the shifting priorities of the second Trump administration, including a “trade not aid” approach, stricter visa policies, and growing pressure on African governments to accept irregular migrants deported from the U.S.

The conversation explores the evolving strategies of key players—the U.S., China, and Russia—alongside the rising influence of Turkey, the UAE, and the European Union’s more diffuse forms of engagement.

They also discuss public perceptions of foreign involvement, China’s Belt and Road Initiative and its digital expansion, Russia’s use of private military contractors and information operations, and the increasing role of African regional organizations in shaping the agenda.

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