Teasing behavior in great apes similar to humans

A study conducted by Professor Erica Cartmill at Indiana University observed teasing behavior in four species of great apes. The researchers analyzed video footage of apes in captive populations and identified 18 distinct teasing behaviors. Examples included the 'offer and retract' where an ape would extend something and then pull it back, as well as behaviors like interrupting another's activity and blocking access. The study found that teasing interactions have a structure similar to jokes, with elements of setup and punchline. These behaviors serve to test social bonds, show closeness in relationships, and learn social norms and skills. Teasing has likely been present in great apes for at least 13 million years.