
New Books Network Kevin J. Mitchell, "Free Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free Will" (Princeton UP, 2023)
Jan 1, 2026
Kevin J. Mitchell, a neuroscientist and geneticist at Trinity College Dublin, challenges the notion that free will is an illusion. He discusses how evolutionary processes shaped agency, revealing that organisms are more than machines responding to stimuli. Mitchell explains the evolution of nervous systems and how they enable adaptive decision-making through sensory inference and learning. He also explores the unique human abilities of introspection and reasoning, offering new insights into free will's implications for law, biology, and artificial intelligence.
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Naturalized Free Will Through Evolution
- Free will need not be mystical; it can be a biological capacity evolved for agency.
- Kevin J. Mitchell frames free will as organisms acting for reasons within naturalistic evolution.
Book Born From Reader Concerns
- Mitchell began Free Agents as a response to readers worried that genetics undermines free will.
- He also reacted against neuroscientists claiming agency is an illusion due to observable neural mechanisms.
Start With The Phenomenon, Not Metaphysics
- Define the phenomenon before metaphysical debates to avoid incoherent demands.
- Mitchell rejects absolute freedom and dualist 'ghost in the machine' notions as unhelpful starting points.

