ChinaTalk Tarun Chhabra on the Stakes of AI Competition
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Oct 15, 2025 
In this engaging discussion, Tarun Chhabra, Head of National Security Policy at Anthropic and former tech advisor to the President, emphasizes the importance of export controls to maintain a competitive edge over China in AI. He highlights the dual-use risks associated with advanced technology and the need for a coordinated approach between government and industry. Chhabra also explores the potential of AI in national security, the intersection of AI and biotech, and stresses a bipartisan strategy to foster innovation and address emerging threats.
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Dual-Use AI Fuels Military Capability
- Tarun Chhabra argues dual-use commercial AI and cloud services are directly reusable by the PLA and Chinese intelligence.
- He views the post-Jack Ma era as ending tech pushback, making dual-use risks predictable.
Three Parallel Races For AI Dominance
- Chhabra frames three concurrent races: frontier, diffusion, and adoption of AI.
- He emphasizes hardware (chips, power, supply chain) as the U.S. near-term advantage to protect.
Protect Chip Advantage With Targeted Steps
- Defend U.S. chip advantage by focusing on components, servicing, and maintaining export controls.
- Strengthen toolmakers' positions and shore up servicing to extend the lead while China indigenizes.