Just and Sinner Podcast Sola Gratia, Nature, Grace, and Nominalism
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Dec 23, 2025 
Michael Horton, a Reformed theologian, and Gavin Ortlund, a pastor and apologist, dive deep into the intricate connections between nominalism and Reformation theology. They tackle how nominalism influenced Luther’s views on justification and explore the role of union with Christ. The discussion moves through nuanced debates about grace, human free will, and the interplay of faith with works. The duo also critiques interpretations of Lutheran thought, emphasizing the need for a robust understanding of grace as both gift and favor.
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Decree Is Grounded In Christ's Righteousness
- Nominalism alone cannot explain Protestant justification because doctrine ties decretal language to Christ's imputed righteousness.
- Michael Horton argues Luther's decree is grounded in Christ, not arbitrary divine will.
Union With Christ As The Hub
- Union with Christ can serve as the organizing framework that explains justification's forensic and organic aspects.
- Gavin Ortlund suggests justification is rooted in spiritual incorporation into Christ, not mere legal fiction.
Forensic Justification Grounds Transformation
- Reformed and Lutheran theologians affirm both forensic imputation and transformative union, but keep the forensic as the ground.
- Michael Horton stresses that forensic justification grounds sanctification, not the reverse.