How The Greats Pursue Happiness | Jeffrey Rosen

Plutarch's Lives, also known as Parallel Lives, is a collection of 48 biographies of notable men from ancient Greece and Rome. The work is structured in pairs, with one Greek and one Roman figure of similar destiny, such as Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar, or Demosthenes and Cicero. Plutarch's primary concern was not to write strict historical accounts but to explore the moral virtues and failings of his subjects, aiming to provide examples of conduct to imitate or avoid. The biographies are significant not only for their insight into the individuals but also for their historical value, offering a glimpse into the times in which they lived[2][3][5].

In this book, Thomas E. Ricks explores the educations and classical knowledge of the first four American presidents—George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison. Ricks delves into how their different exposures to classical literature and philosophy, including works by Aristotle, Epicurus, and Cicero, influenced their ideals and the formation of the United States. The book follows these leaders from their youths to their adult lives, highlighting how their classical education shaped the country's constitution and government, and offers new insights into these legendary leaders.

Meditations is a series of private writings composed by Marcus Aurelius, one of Rome's greatest emperors, as he struggled to understand himself and make sense of the universe. Written between 170 and 180 CE while on military campaigns, this work combines Stoic philosophy with personal observations on leadership, duty, mortality, and human nature. Through twelve books of intimate thoughts never intended for publication, Marcus Aurelius explores themes of self-improvement, resilience in the face of adversity, and living virtuously while accepting what cannot be changed.

In 'Washington: A Life', Ron Chernow provides a richly detailed and engaging portrait of George Washington. The book covers his adventurous early years, his heroic exploits during the Revolutionary War, his role in the Constitutional Convention, and his significant contributions as the first president of the United States. Chernow challenges the stereotype of Washington as a stolid, unemotional figure, instead revealing a man of fiery opinions, many moods, and a fiercely guarded emotional life. The biography delves into Washington's personal relationships, his complex feelings about slavery, and his meticulous management of Mount Vernon. It also highlights his political genius and his role in shaping the new federal government and the office of the presidency[2][3][4].

This biography by David McCullough provides a detailed and engaging account of Harry S. Truman's life, from his early days in Missouri to his presidency. The book explores Truman's military service in World War I, his rise in politics, and his pivotal decisions as president, including the atomic bombing of Japan, the Potsdam Conference, the Marshall Plan, and the Korean War. McCullough's narrative is enriched by extensive research, including interviews with Truman's family and colleagues, and his own letters and diaries. The book portrays Truman as a courageous and determined leader who embodied 19th-century midwestern ideals of honesty and integrity[2][3][4].

Written in 1712, 'Cato: A Tragedy' by Joseph Addison explores themes of individual liberty, government tyranny, and personal integrity through the story of Marcus Porcius Cato Uticensis. The play was highly influential during the American Revolution, symbolizing virtue and patriotism. It weaves Stoic philosophy throughout its narrative, highlighting Cato's unwavering commitment to his principles.

Set in Hawaii and Southeast Asia at the end of the Vietnam War, 'Democracy' follows Inez Christian Victor, the wife of Senator Harry Victor, and her complex relationship with Jack Lovett, a CIA agent and war profiteer. The novel delves into themes of American politics, public and private life, the media, and image management. It is narrated by Joan Didion, who presents herself as an acquaintance of Inez, adding a layer of personal and reflective storytelling. The book is characterized by its fragmented structure, reflecting the anxiety and sense of helplessness of the modern age, and it critiques the superficiality of liberal politics and the disillusionment of contemporary life.

Furious Hours by Casey Cep is a captivating blend of true crime and literary biography. It explores the mysterious murders linked to Reverend Willie Maxwell in rural Alabama and Harper Lee's fascination with the case, which she hoped to turn into her next book. The narrative delves into the racial politics of the Deep South and offers a poignant portrait of Lee's struggles with fame and creativity.

In this landmark account, Barbara W. Tuchman re-creates the first month of World War I, tracing the events from the funeral of Edward VII to the battles on the Western and Eastern fronts. The book focuses on the political machinations and military strategies that led to the outbreak of war, highlighting the roles of key players and the inevitability of the conflict. Tuchman's narrative is known for its comprehensive and engaging portrayal of the period, making it a classic in historical literature.

This volume contains translations of some of Aeschylus' most notable works, offering insights into ancient Greek tragedy and its themes. The plays explore historical events, mythological conflicts, and philosophical questions, showcasing Aeschylus' mastery of dramatic storytelling.

This book provides a detailed analysis of Sophocles' plays, exploring themes such as the human condition, moral duty, and the complexities of human relationships. It offers insights into Sophocles' reinterpretation of ancient myths and his contribution to Greek drama.

This collection includes four of Euripides' plays: *Alcestis*, *Medea*, *The Children of Heracles*, and *Hippolytus*. These works showcase Euripides' powerful storytelling and exploration of human emotions, challenging social norms and religious beliefs prevalent in ancient Greek society. The plays delve into themes such as love, sacrifice, revenge, and the complexities of human nature.

In 'Right Thing, Right Now', Ryan Holiday argues for the necessity of doing what’s right, even when it isn’t easy. He draws on stories of historical figures such as Marcus Aurelius, Florence Nightingale, Jimmy Carter, Gandhi, and Frederick Douglass to illustrate the importance of justice, kindness, honesty, integrity, and loyalty. The book emphasizes that justice is not an abstract concept but a daily practice that shapes one’s character and impacts those around us. Holiday challenges readers to develop their own moral code and uphold it consistently, providing concrete steps and exercises to help incorporate these values into their lives[1][3][4].

The Tusculan Disputations, written by Cicero around 45 BC, is a series of five dialogues that delve into various philosophical questions. The work addresses the nature of death, the endurance of pain, the management of grief, the control of emotions, and whether virtue alone is sufficient for a happy life. It reflects Cicero's engagement with Stoic philosophy and his personal grief following the death of his daughter, Tullia.