2 - The Sacrament Itself & Transubstantiation | Fr. Thomas Joseph White, O.P.

Aquinas' Threefold Division in Sacramental Thinking

Aquinas' sacramental thinking involves a three-fold division rooted in medieval schema. The sacraments serve as signs of a given sacrament, exemplified by water for baptism and bread and wine for the Eucharist. The sacraments extend to proper effects like the transubstantiated host and chalice. The grace of the Eucharist impacting the life of the church is the second proper effect, demonstrating the significance of these sacramental signs in conveying deeper spiritual truths.

Controversy and the Real Presence in the Eucharist

Aquinas engages with the theological controversy regarding the real presence in the Eucharist. The debate, rooted in the Protestant Reformation and dating back to theologians like Beringarius in the 11th century, questions whether the Eucharist is a mere symbol or holds Christ's true body and blood. Aquinas delves into the Fourth Lateran Council's condemnation of opposing views, affirming the belief in transubstantiation. By referencing early Church fathers like Hilary and Ambrose, Aquinas supports the notion of the Eucharist as the true body and blood of Christ.

Fittingness of Transubstantiation and the Eucharistic Sacrifice

Aquinas explores the fitting and beautiful aspects of transubstantiation in the Eucharist. He highlights the significance of the Eucharistic sacrifice in the context of the new law surpassing the old. By emphasizing the unique role of the Eucharist in containing Christ Himself and surpassing the other sacraments, Aquinas underscores the hierarchical and profound nature of the Eucharistic mystery within the broader framework of Christian belief and practice.

Transubstantiation and the Supernatural Act of God

The concept of transubstantiation involves a supernatural change brought about by the power of God. Aquinas argues against notions like consubstantiation, asserting that God transforms the entire substance of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ instantly and without intermediary stages. This act, known as transubstantiation, defies natural laws and demonstrates God's omnipotent ability to effect substantial change beyond the conventional understanding of transformations in the material world.

The Thomistic Institute

2 - The Sacrament Itself & Transubstantiation | Fr. Thomas Joseph White, O.P.

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Aquinas' Threefold Division in Sacramental Thinking

Controversy and the Real Presence in the Eucharist

Fittingness of Transubstantiation and the Eucharistic Sacrifice

Transubstantiation and the Supernatural Act of God

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