Today in Focus The reformed jihadi? Al-Jolani, the new most powerful man in Syria
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Dec 17, 2024 
Jason Burke, an international security correspondent for The Guardian, delves into the intriguing transformation of Abu Mohammed al-Jolani from an al-Qaeda ally to a proponent of moderate ideologies in Syria. He examines al-Jolani's shift towards local unity and governance, balancing authoritarianism with service provision in Idlib. The discussion raises questions about the legitimacy of al-Jolani's rebranding amidst ongoing conflict and explores the complex power dynamics of Syrian leadership, hinting at a hopeful political future for the war-torn nation.
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Al-Jolani's Early Life and Motivation
- Al-Jolani, born in Riyadh and raised in Damascus, studied medicine and came from a prosperous, progressive family.
- The 2003 US invasion of Iraq prompted him to fight as an insurgent alongside al-Qaeda in Iraq.
Assad's Strategy and the Rise of Jihadis
- Assad facilitated the movement of young Syrian men, including Islamic militants, into Iraq to fight against the US.
- US detention camps in Iraq inadvertently became training grounds for jihadis, where Jolani developed his leadership.
Jolani's Group and the Syrian War
- Upon release, Jolani formed a jihadi group in Syria.
- He fought against both the Assad government and ISIS, ultimately being pushed into Idlib province.