From birds, to cattle, to … us? Could bird flu be the next pandemic?
Apr 25, 2024
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Dr Ed Hutchinson, Virologist at Glasgow University, discusses the unexpected emergence of bird flu in Texas cattle, the risks of cross-species transmission to humans, challenges in tracking mutations, and the importance of preparedness for a potential flu pandemic.
Cows as unexpected hosts for bird flu virus raises concerns among experts.
Detection of H5N1 in cow milk highlights potential impact on food supply and public health.
Deep dives
Unexpected Spread of Bird Flu to Cows in the US
The unexpected spread of bird flu to dairy cows in the US has raised significant concerns among virologists and experts. This occurrence was surprising as cows were not considered a typical host for influenza A viruses. The virus has been detected in 33 herds across eight states, suggesting potential long-term spreading. Experts are closely monitoring the situation and investigating how the virus is circulating among cows and potentially into humans.
Challenges in Monitoring and Understanding the Virus
Monitoring and understanding the spread of the bird flu virus in cows pose significant challenges. The USDA's data release regarding the outbreak has been limited, hindering detailed analysis and tracking of the virus's evolution. The ability of the virus to adapt to mammals, specifically cows, raises concerns about its potential to cause further outbreaks and jump to other species like migratory birds or humans.
Implications for Pandemic Preparedness and Vaccine Development
The detection of H5N1 in dairy cow milk has raised questions about the virus's potential impact on the food supply and public health. While the FDA assures the safety of the commercial milk supply, the presence of viral particles underscores the need for vigilance. Scientists emphasize the importance of preparedness for potential influenza pandemics, emphasizing the need for rapid vaccine production and surveillance. The recent developments highlight gaps in our understanding of influenza viruses and the risks they pose to human and animal health.
As bird flu is confirmed in 33 cattle herds across eight US states, Ian Sample talks to virologist Dr Ed Hutchinson of Glasgow University about why this development has taken scientists by surprise, and how prepared we are for the possibility it might start spreading among humans. Help support our independent journalism at theguardian.com/sciencepod
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